Duodenal ulcer prevalence: research into the nature of possible protective dietary lipids

Abstract

The varying geographical prevalence of duodenal ulceration has suggested a relationship to staple diet. Previous experiments on animal peptic ulcer models showed that certain foods, particularly the lipid fraction, are ulceroprotective. This paper reports experiments on animal models further to investigate the nature of the protective substances in the most active lipid, that of horse gram. The free fatty acids and triglycerides, sterols, sterol esters and phospholipids from horse gram were extracted and tested for protective activity on rat peptic ulcer models: the pyloric ligation model which is chronic, involving 14 days pre-feeding, and two acute models using ethanol or cysteamine to induce ulceration. The results showed that sterol esters, but not sterols, were protective in the pyloric ligation model. Sterols were protective in the acute models using ethanol-induced and cysteamine-induced ulceration. Phospholipids were protective in both types of model. The free fatty acids and triglycerides gave no protection using the pyloric ligation model. The presence of sterols, sterol esters and phospholipids in the lipid fraction of foods in staple diets may account for the low prevalence of duodenal ulcer in certain geographical areas, despite a uniformly high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Untitled

“…In a recent study, phytosterol esters, but not sterols, in horse gram (an herb in the genus Dolichos cultivated in India for food and fodder) were protective in a pyloric ligation model of ulcer, whereas sterols were protective in acute ulcer models using ethanol-induced and cysteamine-induced ulceration [168]. Phospholipids were protective in both types of model.…”

Further Pharmacological Evidence Supporting the Development of an Antiulcerogenic Drug Based on Rhizophora mangle L. Aqueous Extract. HPLC Method Proposed for Determinating a Chemical Marker

“…In recent study phytosterols esters of an herb of Dolichus genera was protective in a model of pyloric ligation ulcer [27].…”

Dietary Phospholipids and Phytostrerols: A Review on Some Nigerian Vegetable Oils

“…Besides their cholesterol lowering effect, phytosterols also have other positive activities, such as antiinflammatory [100 -101], antioxidative [102 -103] and anti-atherosclerosis. Phytosterols were also found to be protective to ulcers [104] and to have antifungal activity [105]. The intake of phytosterols is beneficial to prevent or treat many different types of cancer, inlcuding breast [106], prostate [107 -108], lung [109], esophagus [110], stomach [111], endometrial [112], and ovary [113].…”