“…At ANSTO, we have used two different methods to chill the CF: (1) two-stage Peltier cells (À39°C, vapour pressure of ice $1.4 Â 10 À1 mbar) [5,6] and (2) dry ice/ethanol slurries (À80°C, vapour pressure of ice $5.5 Â 10 À4 mbar) [3,7]. Peltier coolers have the advantage of maintaining the temperature with no operator intervention, however, the water vapour pressure is too high for efficient microsample preparation at achievable temperatures.…”