Dunaliella salina extract alleviates the toxic impact of Dioxin induced endocrine disruption in Nile tilapia

Abstract

OLLUTION of lakes and seas in Egypt become a severe problem as it produces a lot of wastes and toxic chemicals. The water pollution induces a lot of endocrine disruptions in aquatic organisms. Several endocrine organs are influencing by pollution such as testes, ovaries, pituitary, hypothalamus, thyroid, and adrenal organs. Propositions of upsetting endocrine chemicals (EDCs) can meddle with fish larval advancement affecting the delicate balance of the biological ecosystem. Endocrine disruption effects on reproductive cycles may affect reproductive behaviour and the development of secondary sexual characteristics. So the main objective of this research is to use marine algae, Dunaliella salina, extract in fish immunity enhancement against pollutants. Nile tilapia fish were exposed to Dioxin (as the main pollutant in the Egyptian environment) after feeding on algae extracts for one month. The results revealed that Dunaliella salina was able to protect the fish against pollution as it enhances the immune capability of Nile tilapia fish due to increase the levels of the antioxidant enzymes and decrease the protein oxidation. Additionally, Dunaliella salina extract was able to decrease the alteration in the expression of genes encoding endocrine hormones such as LH and FSH in the pituitary of Nile tilapia exposed to Dioxin in comparison to control fish. Moreover, the Dunaliella salina extract decreased significantly the DNA damage in brain tissues of Nile tilapia exposed to Dioxin compared with control fish. The results conclude that Dunaliella salina could be used as ameliorative compounds against toxicity of Dioxin.

The prevention impact of the green algal extract against genetic toxicity and antioxidant enzymes alterations in Mozambique tilapia

“…Extraction of Dunaliella salina D. salina was cultivated, harvested, and methanolic extracted at National Research Centre (NRC), according to Bassem, Abd El Tawab [7].…”

“…We evaluated gene expression changes in Hsp90, Cyp1a1 and MT in livers treated with dioxin only and Dunaliella salina plus dioxin Figure (5)(6)(7). Hsp90 levels were determined by real-time PCR.…”

A two years study of dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in mother's milk in Qalyubia governorate, Egypt.

“…It was also reported that [8], low chlorinated-PCBs have anti-androgenic and estrogenic effects by inhibition of AhR signaling and moderate CAR/PXRmediated activities. A toxicity of dioxin-like PCBs to endocrine was also reported [9,10]. Therefore, the production of PCBs was completely prohibited in the 1970s.…”

Dunaliella salina Microalga Restores the Metabolic Equilibrium and Ameliorates the Hepatic Inflammatory Response Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in Male Zebrafish

“…Furthermore, D. salina was reported to have antibacterial and antiviral activities [ 41 ], antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties [ 35 ], enhance immune response [ 45 ], have a neuroprotective effect [ 46 , 47 ], and genoprotective activity [ 48 ]. Furthermore, D. salina is used in sun-protection products to protect skin from ultraviolet sun rays [ 40 ].…”