Ductus Arteriosus in Fetal and Perinatal Life

Abstract

The ductus arteriosus represents an essential vascular structure connecting the pulmonary artery and the aorta. Over the past decades, there has been substantial advancement in our understanding of both the fundamental and clinical aspects of the ductus arteriosus. In particular, the clarification of the regulatory mechanisms governing ductal patency in critical stages such as the fetal and the perinatal period has enabled optimal management of both physiological and pathological conditions in which the ductus arteriosus plays a crucial role. Furthermore, a more in-depth understanding of the regulatory mechanisms controlling this fundamental structure has facilitated the development of advanced therapeutic strategies and personalized interventions. In the present review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the ductus arteriosus during fetal and perinatal life, encompassing its physiological functions, pathological conditions, and clinical implications. Through this examination, we aim to contribute to a broader understanding of the ductus arteriosus’ role in these critical developmental stages and its significance in clinical practice.

Embolization treatment of right pulmonary artery agenisis with patent ductus arteriosus causing pulmonary hypertension and hemoptysis: a case report and literature review

“…While ligation is considered the optimal treatment for PDA patients, it may further restrict pulmonary circulation, disrupt equilibrium, and impede oxygen exchange [ 15 ]. This limitation has been a primary reason for not performing ductus arteriosus ligation thus far; currently, monitoring cardiovascular hemodynamics is deemed most beneficial [ 16 , 17 ]. A retrospective study suggests that early ductus arteriosus ligation is linked to severe bronchial artery hypoplasia; children with right pulmonary artery hypoplasia are likely to exhibit more severe symptoms [ 18 ].The insufficient blood flow in the right lung leads to a decreased delivery of phagocytes to the inflammatory site, reduced carbon dioxide exchange rate, and secondary bronchial constriction and mucus retention, resulting in recurrent pulmonary infections.…”