Dubautia carrii and D. hanaulaensis, New Species of the Hawaiian Silversword Alliance (Compositae, Madiinae) from Moloka‘i and Maui

Baldwin, Bruce G.; Friar, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.3417/2008124

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…hanaulaensis ) are only recently delimited from within D . linearis (Baldwin & Friar ). We collected leaf samples from field populations on Hawai'i, Maui and Kaua'i ( n = 421), from glasshouse populations maintained by the National Park Service on Maui or the National Tropical Botanical Garden on Kaua'i ( n = 65), or from dried material excised from collections in the herbarium of the National Tropical Botanical Garden ( n = 93).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We measured leaf functional traits (Table 1) for 32 silversword alliance taxa (29 species, plus several subspecies), comprising a total of 579 leaf samples (18 AE 15 SD samples per taxon). Of the four species that we did not sample, two (A. virescens and D. kenwoodii) are considered extinct (Carr 1985;Wood 2015) and two (D. carrii and D. hanaulaensis) are only recently delimited from within D. linearis (Baldwin & Friar 2010). We collected leaf samples from field populations on Hawai'i, Maui and Kaua'i (n = 421), from glasshouse populations maintained by the National Park Service on Maui or the National Tropical Botanical Garden on Kaua'i (n = 65), or from dried material excised from collections in the herbarium of the National Tropical Botanical Garden (n = 93).…”

Section: O L L E C T I O N Smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation and macroevolution in leaf functional traits in the Hawaiian silversword alliance (Asteraceae)

Blonder

Baldwin²,

Enquist

et al. 2015

Journal of Ecology

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TitleVariation and macroevolution in leaf functional traits in the Hawaiian silversword alliance (Asteraceae) Hawaiian Silversword Foundation, PO Box 1097, Volcano, HI 96785, USA Summary 1. The Hawaiian silversword alliance is a spectacular example of plant adaptive radiation. The lineage includes 33 species in three endemic genera (Argyroxiphium, Dubautia and Wilkesia) that occupy almost all major habitats of the Hawaiian archipelago. 2. Here, we quantitatively explore functional diversification in the lineage by linking measurements of multiple leaf functional traits with climate niche and phylogenetic data. 3. We show that leaf functional trait variation (i) spans much of the global angiosperm range, (ii) is best explained by a white-noise evolutionary model and (iii) is integrated in ways consistent with both the global leaf economics spectrum and the predictions of leaf venation network theory. 4. Our results highlight the importance of functional diversification and integration in rapidly evolving plant lineages. They also provide compelling additional support for the view that the Hawaiian silversword alliance is one of the world's premier examples of adaptive radiation in plants.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: O L L E C T I O N Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation and macroevolution in leaf functional traits in the Hawaiian silversword alliance (Asteraceae)

Blonder

Baldwin²,

Enquist

et al. 2015

Journal of Ecology

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“…The ITS and external transcribed spacer (ETS) are both nuclear non‐coding markers with generally rapid rates of evolution. They have been used extensively for plant molecular systematics, particularly at lower taxonomic levels, and have been shown to be useful in Hawaiian Asteracaeae (Baldwin & Markos, 1998; Baldwin & Carr, 2005; Mort et al. , 2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ITS and external transcribed spacer (ETS) are both nuclear non-coding markers with generally rapid rates of evolution. They have been used extensively for plant molecular systematics, particularly at lower taxonomic levels, and have been shown to be useful in Hawaiian Asteracaeae (Baldwin & Markos, 1998;Baldwin & Carr, 2005;Mort et al, 2007). The chloroplast loci used in this study (trnV-ndhC, rpl32f-trnL, trnQ-rps16 and rpl32r-ndhF) are non-coding introns and spacers and are (on average across a wide variety of plant families) the four most rapidly evolving markers known from this genome (Shaw et al, 2007), although substitution rate heterogeneity across taxa is commonly observed.…”

Section: Taxon Sampling and Molecular Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Area and the rapid radiation of HawaiianBidens(Asteraceae)

Knope

Morden

Funk

et al. 2012

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim To estimate the rate of adaptive radiation of endemic Hawaiian Bidens and to compare their diversification rates with those of other plants in Hawaii and elsewhere with rapid rates of radiation. Location Hawaii. Methods Fifty‐nine samples representing all 19 Hawaiian species, six Hawaiian subspecies, two Hawaiian hybrids and an additional two Central American and two African Bidens species had their DNA extracted, amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced for four chloroplast and two nuclear loci, resulting in a total of approximately 5400 base pairs per individual. Internal transcribed spacer sequences for additional outgroup taxa, including 13 non‐Hawaiian Bidens, were obtained from GenBank. Phylogenetic relationships were assessed by maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. The age of the most recent common ancestor and diversification rates of Hawaiian Bidens were estimated using the methods of previously published studies to allow for direct comparison with other studies. Calculations were made on a per‐unit‐area basis. Results We estimate the age of the Hawaiian clade to be 1.3–3.1 million years old, with an estimated diversification rate of 0.3–2.3 species/million years and 4.8 × 10−5 to 1.3 × 10−4 species Myr−1 km−2. Bidens species are found in Europe, Africa, Asia and North and South America, but the Hawaiian species have greater diversity of growth form, floral morphology, dispersal mode and habitat type than observed in the rest of the genus world‐wide. Despite this diversity, we found little genetic differentiation among the Hawaiian species. This is similar to the results from other molecular studies on Hawaiian plant taxa, including others with great morphological variability (e.g. silverswords, lobeliads and mints). Main conclusions On a per‐unit‐area basis, Hawaiian Bidens have among the highest rates of speciation for plant radiations documented to date. The rapid diversification within such a small area was probably facilitated by the habitat diversity of the Hawaiian Islands and the adaptive loss of dispersal potential. Our findings point to the need to consider the spatial context of diversification – specifically, the relative scale of habitable area, environmental heterogeneity and dispersal ability – to understand the rate and extent of adaptive radiation.

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“…Schiedea ), but there may be more cryptic species than could be distinguished using morphology alone (e.g. Dubautia see Baldwin and Friar 2010 ). An example of this taxonomic confusion in regard to Santalum is how to assign variable populations of S. freycinetianum var.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic Revision of the Endangered Hawaiian Red-flowered Sandalwoods (<I>Santalum</I>) and Discovery of an Ancient Hybrid Species

et al. 2010

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Dubautia carrii and D. hanaulaensis, New Species of the Hawaiian Silversword Alliance (Compositae, Madiinae) from Moloka‘i and Maui

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Variation and macroevolution in leaf functional traits in the Hawaiian silversword alliance (Asteraceae)

Variation and macroevolution in leaf functional traits in the Hawaiian silversword alliance (Asteraceae)

Area and the rapid radiation of HawaiianBidens(Asteraceae)

Taxonomic Revision of the Endangered Hawaiian Red-flowered Sandalwoods (<I>Santalum</I>) and Discovery of an Ancient Hybrid Species

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