There exists a natural correspondence between null curves in C 4 and 'free' curves on O (1) ⊕ O (1) −→ P 1 ; it underlies the existence of 'Weierstrass type formulae' for minimal surfaces in R 4 . The construction determines correspondences for minimal surfaces in R 3 , and constant mean curvature 1 surfaces in H 3 ; moreover it facilitates the study of symmetric minimal surfaces in R 4 .
IntroductionOur purpose here is to describe a natural correspondence between null holomorphic curves in C 4 , and 'free' holomorphic curves on the total space of the holomorphic vector bundle O (1) ⊕ O (1) over P 1 . Our main interest in the former derives from the fact that any minimal surface in R 4 may be described as the real part of such a curve. The correspondence is particularly useful in the study of algebraic minimal surfaces, that is, the real parts of null meromorphic curves in C 4 . The construction is closely related to the classical Klein correspondence between lines in P 3 and points of the quadric Q 4 ⊂ P 5 . In fact, compactifying C 4 to Q 4 , and O (1) ⊕ O (1) to P 3 , it may be understood in terms of classical osculation duality, cf.[10]. Here we work in the 'uncompactified picture'. We feel that this makes the differential geometry clearer, in particular the appearance of nullity, and moreover eases the discussion of the relationship with the other correspondences described below.The correspondence underlies the Weierstrass-type formulae (10)- (13) below. These were found by Montcheuil [15], and studied at length by Eisenhart in [5] and [6]. The geometrical structure underlying the formulae was first exposed by Shaw [21]. This was framed in 'twistor terminology', in terms of the Klein construction. Unfortunately, this interesting paper has largely been * The author is grateful to John Denham for helpful conversations. He is indebted to the Mathematics Faculty of the University of Southampton, England, for its generous hospitality during the academic year [2001][2002], and thanks Victor Snaith for his invitation. He also thanks the Mathematics Section of the ICTP, Trieste, Italy, for its hospitality during February and March of 2002.