Dual-Source Photon-Counting Computed Tomography—Part I: Clinical Overview of Cardiac CT and Coronary CT Angiography Applications

Cademartiri, Filippo; Meloni, Antonella; Pistoia, Laura; Degiorgi, Giulia; Clemente, Alberto; Gori, Carmelo De; Positano, Vincenzo; Celi, Simona; Berti, Sérgio; Emdin, Michele; Panetta, Daniele; Menichetti, Luca; Punzo, Bruna; Cavaliere, Carlo; Bossone, Eduardo; Saba, Luca; Cau, Riccardo; Grutta, Ludovico La; Maffei, Erica

doi:10.3390/jcm12113627

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Indeed, our results confirm that there is not a vulnerable patient, but rather vulnerable plaques, highlighting the heterogeneity of atherosclerotic plaques. The advancement of knowledge in biological processes, coupled with the development of non-invasive technological modalities, 29 , 30 could enable earlier diagnosis with tailored cardiovascular risk stratification and patient management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons from autopsy: Topographical variability of atherosclerosis plaques

Faa,

Cau,

Ravarino

et al. 2024

Journal of Public Health Research

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Atherosclerosis is a complex disease characterized by the accumulation of plaques in arterial walls. Understanding its pathogenesis remains incomplete, with factors like inflammation, oxidative stress, and hypertension playing critical roles. The disease exhibits preferential localization of plaques, with variability observed even within the same individual. Genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors contribute to its heterogeneity. Histological plaque phenotypes vary widely, prompting classification schemes focusing on systemic and local factors deteriorating fibrous caps. Recent research highlights differences in plaque histology among arterial systems, suggesting unique pathophysiological mechanisms. This study reports on multiple atherosclerotic plaques detected at autopsy in various vascular sites of a single subject, emphasizing their histological diversity and underscoring the systemic nature of atherosclerosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons from autopsy: Topographical variability of atherosclerosis plaques

Faa,

Cau,

Ravarino

et al. 2024

Journal of Public Health Research

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“…PCCT offers superior spatial and contrast resolution compared with conventional CT, but its aortic imaging applications are limited. Its high sensitivity to artifacts, especially from metal prostheses, and longer scan times due to its reliance on patient physiology present challenges [ 1 , 44 ]. The scarcity of suitable cases for rare diseases, the lack of specialized software, and absence of standardized processing protocols also hinder its wider clinical use.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantages of Photon-Counting Detector CT in Aortic Imaging

Zanon,

Cademartiri,

Toniolo

et al. 2023

Tomography

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Photon-counting Computed Tomography (PCCT) is a promising imaging technique. Using detectors that count the number and energy of photons in multiple bins, PCCT offers several advantages over conventional CT, including a higher image quality, reduced contrast agent volume, radiation doses, and artifacts. Although PCCT is well established for cardiac imaging in assessing coronary artery disease, its application in aortic imaging remains limited. This review summarizes the available literature and provides an overview of the current use of PCCT for the diagnosis of aortic imaging, focusing mainly on endoleaks detection and characterization after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), contrast dose volume, and radiation exposure reduction, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease and in those requiring follow-up CT.

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“…The recent emergence of photon-counting CT (PCCT) represents the latest technological development of CT scanning techniques, with this technique having superior advantages over traditional CT scanners. PCCT enables the acquisition of high-resolution images with improved contrast resolution and simultaneous multi-energy imaging, showing superior advantages over traditional dual-energy CT in cardiovascular imaging [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease: Beyond Lumen Assessment

Sun,

Silberstein,

Vaccarezza

2024

JCDD

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Cardiovascular CT is being widely used in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease due to the rapid technological advancements in CT scanning techniques. These advancements include the development of multi-slice CT, from early generation to the latest models, which has the capability of acquiring images with high spatial and temporal resolution. The recent emergence of photon-counting CT has further enhanced CT performance in clinical applications, providing improved spatial and contrast resolution. CT-derived fractional flow reserve is superior to standard CT-based anatomical assessment for the detection of lesion-specific myocardial ischemia. CT-derived 3D-printed patient-specific models are also superior to standard CT, offering advantages in terms of educational value, surgical planning, and the simulation of cardiovascular disease treatment, as well as enhancing doctor–patient communication. Three-dimensional visualization tools including virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality are further advancing the clinical value of cardiovascular CT in cardiovascular disease. With the widespread use of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning in cardiovascular disease, the diagnostic performance of cardiovascular CT has significantly improved, with promising results being presented in terms of both disease diagnosis and prediction. This review article provides an overview of the applications of cardiovascular CT, covering its performance from the perspective of its diagnostic value based on traditional lumen assessment to the identification of vulnerable lesions for the prediction of disease outcomes with the use of these advanced technologies. The limitations and future prospects of these technologies are also discussed.

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Dual-Source Photon-Counting Computed Tomography—Part I: Clinical Overview of Cardiac CT and Coronary CT Angiography Applications

Cited by 15 publications

References 97 publications

Lessons from autopsy: Topographical variability of atherosclerosis plaques

Lessons from autopsy: Topographical variability of atherosclerosis plaques

Advantages of Photon-Counting Detector CT in Aortic Imaging

Cardiovascular Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease: Beyond Lumen Assessment

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