Dual role of the nasal microbiota in neurological diseases—An unignorable risk factor or a potential therapy carrier

Xie, Jin; Tian, Shimin; Li, Jun; Cao, Ruiyi; Yue, Pengfei; Cai, Xinfu; Shang, Qianwen; Yang, Ming; Han, Li; Zhang, Dingkun

doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106189

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…These ndings suggesting the potential role of nasal microbiota in neuropsychiatric diseases. Furthermore, our PheWAS analysis revealed a link between MAVs and neuropsychiatric traits, further supporting the potential impact of nasal microbiota in these disorders including the therapeutic effect and pathogenicity 52 . We also con rmed the nasal microbiome-associated genes showed the strongest expression enrichment in the nasal airway epithelium and secondly in the thyroid.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

A genome-wide association study reveals human genetic impact on the nasal microbial diversity, taxa and functions

Zhang

Liu

Tong

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The nasal cavity harbors diverse microbiota that contribute to human health and respiratory diseases. However, whether and to what extent the host genome shapes the nasal microbiome remains largely unknown. Here, by dissecting the human genome and nasal metagenome data from 1,401 healthy individuals, we demonstrated that host genetic principal components strongly correlated with the nasal microbiota diversity and composition. The genetic association analyses identified 63 genome-wide significant loci affecting the nasal microbial taxa and functions, of which 2 loci reached study-wide significance (p < 1.7 × 10− 10): rs73268759 within CAMK2A associated with genus Actinomyces and family Actinomycetaceae; and rs35211877 near POM121L12 with Gemella asaccharolytica. In addition to respiratory-related diseases, the associated loci are mainly implicated in cardiometabolic or neuropsychiatric diseases. Functional analysis showed the associated genes were most significantly expressed in the nasal airway epithelium tissue and enriched in the calcium signaling and hippo signaling pathway. Further observational and Mendelian randomization analyses consistently revealed that several metabolites such as cystine, cystathionine, and glutamic acid play crucial roles in the host metabolism-nasal microbiota interplays. This study indicates that the contribution of the host genome to the nasal microbiome is not weaker than that of other host factors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

A genome-wide association study reveals human genetic impact on the nasal microbial diversity, taxa and functions

Zhang

Liu

Tong

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Since olfactory dysfunction is an early marker of PD, which arises far before the appearance of the motor symptoms, few authors started to investigate the potential role of nasal microbiota in disease pathogenesis [ 503 ]. Given the interconnection between nose and brain, some studies hypothesized that changes in nasal microbiota community may promote neuroinflammation through the olfactory bulb, thus establishing a nose-to-brain axis [ 503 , 504 ]. However, until today, data remain scarce.…”

Section: Oral and Nasal Microbiota: Other Important Districts Involve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, promising evidence is emerging for an association between oral/nasal microbiota and PD, but data remain limited and sometimes conflicting. Once better investigated, these two microbial communities might be exploited as early diagnostic and therapeutic tools for PD, as already proposed [ 504 ]. For example, the combination of 11 taxonomic features associated with the oral microbiota has allowed PD diagnosis reaching up to 84.5% accuracy, but better performances are expected to come [ 497 ].…”

Section: Oral and Nasal Microbiota: Other Important Districts Involve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment

Varesi¹,

Campagnoli²,

Fahmideh³

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The bidirectional interaction between the gut microbiota (GM) and the Central Nervous System, the so-called gut microbiota brain axis (GMBA), deeply affects brain function and has an important impact on the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), gastrointestinal symptoms often precede the onset of motor and non-motor manifestations, and alterations in the GM composition accompany disease pathogenesis. Several studies have been conducted to unravel the role of dysbiosis and intestinal permeability in PD onset and progression, but the therapeutic and diagnostic applications of GM modifying approaches remain to be fully elucidated. After a brief introduction on the involvement of GMBA in the disease, we present evidence for GM alterations and leaky gut in PD patients. According to these data, we then review the potential of GM-based signatures to serve as disease biomarkers and we highlight the emerging role of probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, dietary interventions, and fecal microbiota transplantation as supportive therapeutic approaches in PD. Finally, we analyze the mutual influence between commonly prescribed PD medications and gut-microbiota, and we offer insights on the involvement also of nasal and oral microbiota in PD pathology, thus providing a comprehensive and up-to-date overview on the role of microbial features in disease diagnosis and treatment.

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“…[13][14][15] However, the vast majority of studies examining potential associations between microbiota and neurological diseases continue to focus on the gut-brain axis and largely overlook possible complex and profound relationships between nasal microbiota and the nervous system via the nose-to-brain pathway. [16,17] The nasal cavity serves as one of the major access points for bacteria entering the human body, and, as a host-microbe interface, the composition of nasal microbiota, which is shaped by host genetics and environmental exposure, can affect the mucosal immunological tone. [18] The nasal microbiome has also been reported to affect the pathophysiological processes in asthma, upper respiratory viral infections, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[19][20][21] Other work has also shown that the onset, progression and severity of neurodegenerative diseases are affected by nasal microbiota composition and function. [16,17] Indeed, unknown infectious or otherwise transmissible agent can potentially colonize the nasal cavity and eventually enter the brain, subsequently triggering an ascending pathological process that may spread to other regions of the central nervous system (CNS). [22] In particular, complex interactions between nasal microbiota and the brain can induce pathogenic effects and affect the treatment response for some neurological diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in nasal microbiota of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Liu

Guo

Ding

et al. 2023

Chinese Medical Journal

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Background: Links between alterations in gut microbiota composition and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have previously been reported. This study aimed to examine the microbiota in the nasal cavity of ALS. Methods: Sixty-six ALS patients and 40 healthy caregivers who live in close proximity with patients were enrolled. High throughput metagenomic sequencing of the 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) gene V3–V4 region of nasal microbiota was used to characterize the alpha and beta diversity and relative abundance of bacterial taxa, predict function, and conduct correlation analysis between specific taxa and clinical features. Results: The nasal microbiome of ALS patients showed lower alpha diversity than that of corresponding healthy family members. Genera Gaiella, Sphingomonas, Polaribacter_1, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Klebsiella, and Alistipes were differentially enriched in ALS patients compared to controls. Nasal microbiota composition in ALS patients significantly differed from that in healthy subjects (unweighted UniFrac P = 0.001), while LEfSe analysis indicated that Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes dominated healthy nasal communities at the phylum level, whereas Actinobacteria was the predominant phylum and Thermoleophilia was the predominant class in ALS patients. Genus Faecalibacterium and Alistipes were positively correlated with ALS functional rating scale revised (ALSFRS-R; r s = 0.349, P = 0.020 and r s = 0.393, P = 0.008), while Prevotella-9 and Bacteroides operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were positively associated with lung function (FVC) in ALS patients (r s = 0.304, P = 0.045, and r s = 0.300, P = 0.048, respectively). Prevotella-1 was positively correlated with white blood cell counts (WBC, r s = 0.347, P = 0.021), neutrophil percentage (Neu%, r s = 0.428, P = 0.004), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR, r s = 0.411, P = 0.006), but negatively correlated with lymphocyte percentage (Lym%, r s = –0.408, P = 0.006). In contrast, Streptococcus was negatively associated with Neu% (r s = –0.445, P = 0.003) and NLR (r s = –0.436, P = 0.003), while positively associated with Lym% (r s = 0.437, P = 0.003). No significant differences in nasal microbiota richness and evenness were detected among the severe and mild ALS patients. Conclusions: ALS is accompanied by altered nasal microbial community composition and diversity. The findings presented here highlight the need to understand how dysbiosis of nasal microbiota may contribute to the development of ALS.

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Dual role of the nasal microbiota in neurological diseases—An unignorable risk factor or a potential therapy carrier

Cited by 14 publications

References 185 publications

A genome-wide association study reveals human genetic impact on the nasal microbial diversity, taxa and functions

A genome-wide association study reveals human genetic impact on the nasal microbial diversity, taxa and functions

The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment

Alterations in nasal microbiota of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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