Dual RNA‐Seq of Lysobacter capsici AZ78 – Phytophthora infestans interaction shows the implementation of attack strategies by the bacterium and unsuccessful oomycete defense responses

Abstract

Biological interactions in the microbial communities of the rhizosphere continuously shape the gene expression patterns of each individual microorganism. A dual RNA-Seq approach was applied to obtain a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms activated during the interaction between the biocontrol rhizobacterium Lysobacter capsici AZ78 and the soilborne phytopathogenic oomycete Phytophthora infestans. The RNA-Seq transcriptional profile of L. capsici AZ78 was characterized by up-regulation of genes concerned in the biogenesis of type 4 pilus and lytic enzymes, involved, respectively, in host colonization and subsequent attack of the P. infestans cell wall. The activation of detoxification processes allowed L. capsici AZ78 to overcome the attempted defense processes of P. infestans. Moreover, the genes involved in antibiotic biosynthesis were up-regulated in L. capsici AZ78 and caused cell death in P. infestans, with the activation of putative apoptotic processes. The consequences of P. infestans cell death resulted in the down-regulation of primary metabolic pathways, such as carbohydrates, nucleic acids and protein metabolisms. Overall, the mechanism of action of L. capsici AZ78 was related to parasitism and predatory activities that cause the death of P. infestans.

The Rare Sugar Tagatose Differentially Inhibits the Growth of Phytophthora infestans and Phytophthora cinnamomi by Interfering With Mitochondrial Processes

“…The attempted cellular responses of P. infestans against tagatose included the upregulation of maai, which is homologous to gst genes commonly upregulated by oxidative stresses (Montibus et al, 2015). The maai gene is a marker of stress responses and its expression was also upregulated by the biocontrol agent Lysobacter capsici AZ78 in P. infestans (Tomada et al, 2017) and by copper sulfate in Saprolegnia parasitica (Hu et al, 2016). In addition, tagatose upregulated the expression of aif in P. infestans and it encoded a protein involved in ROS scavenging (Klein et al, 2002) and mitochondrial cristae regulation (Cheung et al, 2006) in mammalian cells.…”

Dual Transcriptional Profile of Aspergillus flavus during Co-Culture with Listeria monocytogenes and Aflatoxin B1 Production: A Pathogen–Pathogen Interaction

“…However, literature is generally lacking data regarding the effect of co-culture with other microorganisms in general and A. flavus in particular. Other transcriptional studies have reported various responses of both fungi and bacteria depending on the interacting partners [62][63][64]. These responses may promote different biological outcomes ranging from antagonism to cooperation [65,66].…”

Volatile Organic Compounds From Lysobacter capsici AZ78 as Potential Candidates for Biological Control of Soilborne Plant Pathogens

“…Lysobacter spp. may control phytopathogenic microorganisms using several other modes of actions such as lytic enzymes and by the ability to prey upon phytopathogenic microorganisms (Nakayama et al, 1999;Folman et al, 2004;Tomada et al, 2017).…”