Dual-process action of exercise on appetite control: increase in orexigenic drive but improvement in meal-induced satiety

King, Neil; Caudwell, Phillipa; Hopkins, Mark; Stubbs, R. James; Näslund, Erik; Blundell, John

doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.27706

Cited by 180 publications

(198 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

170

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, such an analysis would ignore the interactive nature of these behaviours. On the one side, physiological control is exerted on eating through the appetite mechanism, the effectiveness of which may vary with overall PAEE and EE (100) . On the other side the existence of SPA, which appears to be phenotypically determined, exhibiting marked inter-individual variability, may account in some individuals for a large fraction of PAEE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy balance and obesity: a UK perspective on the gluttonyv.sloth debate

Millward

2013

Nutr. Res. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity in the UK was assumed to have developed against a population decline in physical activity, with health messages focused on diet and exercise prevention strategies. Doubly-labelled water (DLW) studies of energy expenditure have indicated the alternative scenario that the increased obesity prevalence reflects excessive food energy intake with physical activity levels unchanged. This analysis is questionable, deriving in part from a weakness of the DLW methodology in identifying changing physical activity levels within populations of increasing body weight. This has resulted in an underestimation of the reduction in physical activity in the overweight and obese, as revealed by direct studies of such behaviour. Furthermore, a close examination of food energy supply, household food purchases and individual food energy consumption since 1955, in relation to likely estimates of current intakes indicated by simple modelling of predicted energy expenditure, identifies: (a) food energy supply as markedly overestimating energy intakes; (b) individual food energy consumption as markedly underestimating energy intakes; and (c) household food purchase data as the closest match to predicted current food energy intakes. Energy intakes indicated by this latter method have fallen by between 20 to 30 %, suggesting comparable falls in physical activity. Although unequivocal evidence for a matching UK trend in falling physical activity is limited, as is evidence that obesity follows reductions in physical activity, such a link has been recently suggested in a large prospective study in adolescents. Thus, for the UK, obesity has developed within a 'move less-eat somewhat less but still too much' scenario. A focus on both diet and exercise should remain the appropriate public health policy.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy balance and obesity: a UK perspective on the gluttonyv.sloth debate

Millward

2013

Nutr. Res. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, while there is a paucity of data on day-to-day variability in energy balance, studies 341 covertly manipulating food or energy expenditure show that such imbalances are not 342 uncommon (39,(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51). Interestingly, after accounting for RMR, total daily energy 343 expenditure did not explain any further variance in EI.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Modelling the associations between fat-free mass, resting metabolic rate and energy intake in the context of total energy balance

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The platform is therefore not used as a measure of compliance, but is used to assess the effect of PA that has definitely been performed. The details of the procedure have been described in several publications (6,64,65) and will not be described here. However, it is useful to provide a synopsis of certain conclusions that can be drawn from using the extensive experimental platform described earlier.…”

Section: Procedural Aspects Of the Platformmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, even if people comply fully with a requirement to increase PA, the theoretical reduction in body weight might not be achieved (5,6) . This is because the 'system' that embodies the processes of EB is an adaptive regulatory biological system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of physical activity on appetite control: an experimental system to understand the relationship between exercise-induced energy expenditure and energy intake

et al. 2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Investigations of the impact of physical activity on appetite control have the potential to throw light on the understanding of energy balance and therefore, upon body weight regulation and the development of obesity. Given the complexity of the landscape influencing weight regulation, research strategies should reflect this complexity. We have developed a research approach based on the concept of the psychobiological system (multi-level measurement and analysis) and an experimental platform that respects the operations of an adaptive regulating biological system. It is important that both sides of the energy balance equation (activity and diet) receive similar detailed levels of analysis. The experimental platform uses realistic and fully supervised levels of physical activity, medium-term (not acute) interventions, measurement of body composition, energy metabolism (indirect calorimetry), satiety physiology (gut peptides), homeostatic and hedonic processes of appetite control, non-exercise activity, obese adult participants and both genders. This research approach has shown that the impact of physical activity on appetite control is characterised by large individual differences. Changes in body composition, waist circumference and health benefits are more meaningful than changes in weight. Further, we are realising that the acute effects do not predict what will happen in the longer term. The psychobiological systems approach offers a strategy for simultaneously investigating biological and behavioural processes relevant to understanding obese people and how obesity can be managed. This experimental platform provides opportunities for industry to examine the impact of foods under scientifically controlled conditions relevant to the real world.

show abstract

Dual-process action of exercise on appetite control: increase in orexigenic drive but improvement in meal-induced satiety

Abstract: These data show that the effect of exercise on appetite regulation involves at least 2 processes: an increase in the overall (orexigenic) drive to eat and a concomitant increase in the satiating efficiency of a fixed meal.

Cited by 180 publications

References 27 publications

Energy balance and obesity: a UK perspective on the gluttonyv.sloth debate

Energy balance and obesity: a UK perspective on the gluttonyv.sloth debate

Modelling the associations between fat-free mass, resting metabolic rate and energy intake in the context of total energy balance

The influence of physical activity on appetite control: an experimental system to understand the relationship between exercise-induced energy expenditure and energy intake

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About