Dual Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery: Report of a Case

Yoshikai, Masaru; Kamohara, Keiji; Fumoto, Hideyuki; Kawasaki, Hiromitsu

doi:10.1007/s00595-003-2733-x

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The short LAD terminates in the anterior interventricular sulcus before reaching the apex of the heart, and the long LAD re-enters the anterior interventricular sulcus at the distal part, coursing to the apex. The short and long LADs mainly supplies the septal wall and the apical wall, respectively (26). The long LAD courses on the left ventricular side of the short LAD in type 1, and on the right ventricular side of the short LAD in type 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of coronary artery variations on coronary computed tomography angiography

Erol

Şeker

2012

Acta Radiol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of coronary artery variations on coronary computed tomography angiography

Erol

Şeker

2012

Acta Radiol

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“…Duplication of the LAD artery consists of a short LAD artery, which courses and terminates in the anterior interventricular sulcus without reaching the apex, and a long LAD artery, which originates from either the LAD artery proper or the RCA, then enters the distal anterior interventricular sulcus and courses to the apex (Fig 16) (38). Because the LAD artery is the most important coronary artery in coronary artery bypass graft surgery, the radiologist should be aware of the possibility of duplication of the LAD artery manifesting at preoperative multi-detector row CT of the coronary artery so that he or she can forewarn the cardiac surgeon of the importance of achieving successful myocardial revascularization; otherwise, there is a risk of incorrect placement of the arteriotomy (39). Duplication of the LAD artery should not be confused with an LAD artery and a diagonal branch running parallel to each other.…”

Section: Duplication Of Arteries-duplication Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Coronary Artery Anomalies: Classification and ECG-gated Multi–Detector Row CT Findings with Angiographic Correlation

et al. 2006

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Congenital abnormalities of the coronary arteries are an uncommon but important cause of chest pain and, in some cases of hemodynamically significant abnormalities, sudden cardiac death. For several decades, premorbid diagnosis of coronary artery anomalies has been made with conventional angiography. However, this imaging technique has limitations due to its projectional and invasive nature. The recent development of electrocardiographically (ECG)-gated multi-detector row computed tomography (CT) allows accurate and noninvasive depiction of coronary artery anomalies of origin, course, and termination. Multi-detector row CT is superior to conventional angiography in delineating the ostial origin and proximal path of an anomalous coronary artery. Familiarity with the CT appearances of various coronary artery anomalies and an understanding of the clinical significance of these anomalies are essential in making a correct diagnosis and planning patient treatment.

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“…However, individual reports further described previously unclassified LAD variants (3,4). Most of the recent publications about dual LAD anomalies involve case reports and there is a paucity of large series using coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8).…”

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Prevalence of dual left anterior descending artery variations in CT angiography

Bozlar

Mş²,

Sarı³

et al. 2015

Diagn Interv Radiol

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE PURPOSEWe aimed to evaluate the frequency and features of dual left anterior descending artery (LAD) variants using computed tomography (CT) angiography. METHODSA total of 1337 consecutive coronary CT angiography examinations performed between April 2010 and December 2013 were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of dual LAD. CT examinations were performed with either 64-or 320-row multidetector CT scanners. All CT angiography images were evaluated for the presence and morphologic features of dual LAD subtypes. RESULTSFifty-six dual LAD variations (4%) were identified in this study population. Type 1 was the most common type of dual LAD (n=48), while Type 3 (n=3) and Type 4 (n=2) were infrequent and Type 2 was not detected. Additionally, we detected previously unclassified dual LAD variations in three cases. CONCLUSIONDual LAD may be a relatively more common variant than described in the medical literature, which is mostly based on catheter angiography studies. Coronary CT angiography seems markedly efficacious for detecting and documenting the anatomical details of dual LAD subtypes, as well as showing other associated cardiocoronary anomalies. Dual left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery is a rare congenital anomaly (1), basically defined as the existence of two distinct segments of the vessel occupying the anterior interventricular sulcus (AIS) of the heart.First study classifying dual LAD anomalies based on coronary catheter angiography was published in 1983 by Spindola-Franco et al. (2), which has served as a primary classification system. However, individual reports further described previously unclassified LAD variants (3, 4). Most of the recent publications about dual LAD anomalies involve case reports and there is a paucity of large series using coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography (3-8).At present, quite a large number of coronary CT angiography examinations are being performed and recognition of dual LAD variations by CT angiography requires familiarity. Being aware of dual LAD anomalies could be critical for coronary bypass surgery and interventions. Surely, sound knowledge on dual LAD anomalies is a prerequisite for proper management of patients with coronary artery disease.In this study, we aimed to identify the frequency of dual LAD variations, and define the morphoanatomical features based on Spindola-Franco classification, using CT angiography. Appendageal subtypes of this variation were also documented and discussed. Methods PatientsThe study was approved by our institutional review board. A total of 1337 consecutive coronary CT angiography examinations performed in our department from April 2010 to December 2013 were retrospectively evaluated for dual LAD anomalies. These examinations had been performed for various reasons including, but not limited to, the assessment of coronary and cardiac morphology, electrocardiography (ECG) abnormalities, coronary bypass graft evaluation, coronary stent evaluation, coronary atherosclerosis evaluation and screening fo...

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Dual Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery: Report of a Case

Abstract: We report a case of Type I dual left anterior descending artery (LAD) successfully treated by coronary artery bypass grafting including the long LAD. This rare coronary artery anomaly is of clinical importance in the field of myocardial revascularization.

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

The prevalence of coronary artery variations on coronary computed tomography angiography

The prevalence of coronary artery variations on coronary computed tomography angiography

Coronary Artery Anomalies: Classification and ECG-gated Multi–Detector Row CT Findings with Angiographic Correlation

Prevalence of dual left anterior descending artery variations in CT angiography

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