Dual inverse effects of lipoprotein(a) on the dementia process in Japanese late‐onset Alzheimer's disease

Iwamoto, Toshihiko; Watanabe, Daisuke; Umahara, Takahiko; Sakurai, Hirofumi; Hanyu, Haruo; Kanaya, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1111/j.1479-8301.2004.00063.x

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Abnormal metabolism of lipoproteins such as lipoprotein (a)/Lp(a) and their variants has been associated with peripheral artery disease, stroke, atherosclerosis, cerebrovascular disease as well as AD ( 146 , 147 ) . Coconut oil has been shown to help reduce Lp (a) levels, and the addition of coconut oil to the diet may improve cholesterol metabolism.…”

Section: Coconut Oil and Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of dietary coconut for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease: potential mechanisms of action

et al. 2015

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Coconut, Cocos nucifera L., is a tree that is cultivated to provide a large number of products, although it is mainly grown for its nutritional and medicinal values. Coconut oil, derived from the coconut fruit, has been recognised historically as containing high levels of saturated fat; however, closer scrutiny suggests that coconut should be regarded more favourably. Unlike most other dietary fats that are high in long-chain fatty acids, coconut oil comprises medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA). MCFA are unique in that they are easily absorbed and metabolised by the liver, and can be converted to ketones. Ketone bodies are an important alternative energy source in the brain, and may be beneficial to people developing or already with memory impairment, as in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Coconut is classified as a highly nutritious 'functional food'. It is rich in dietary fibre, vitamins and minerals; however, notably, evidence is mounting to support the concept that coconut may be beneficial in the treatment of obesity, dyslipidaemia, elevated LDL, insulin resistance and hypertension -these are the risk factors for CVD and type 2 diabetes, and also for AD. In addition, phenolic compounds and hormones (cytokinins) found in coconut may assist in preventing the aggregation of amyloid-b peptide, potentially inhibiting a key step in the pathogenesis of AD. The purpose of the present review was to explore the literature related to coconut, outlining the known mechanistic physiology, and to discuss the potential role of coconut supplementation as a therapeutic option in the prevention and management of AD.

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Section: Coconut Oil and Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of dietary coconut for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease: potential mechanisms of action

et al. 2015

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“…However, data on the association between Lp(a) and risk of dementia are sparse and inconsistent. Whereas some studies have shown higher levels of Lp(a) to be linked with increased dementia risk,(6) some have shown a protective effect, (6)(7)(8) and others have shown no association at all. (9) However, due to the case-control design of these previous studies, the temporal sequence of the relationship between Lp(a) and cognitive decline has not been established and whether elevated Lp(a) levels increase or decrease the risk of future dementia is currently unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is lipoprotein (a) protective of dementia?

et al. 2016

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“… 38 Third, apolipoprotein(a), primary determiner of the plasma Lp(a) level, may modify ApoE isoform metabolism, which is a key player in lipid metabolism. 39 Previous study showed that APOE ε2 and APOE ε4 were associated with MRI markers of cSVD. 40 Nevertheless, more researches are warranted to further elucidate the mechanisms for the inverse associations between Lp(a) level and cSVD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It is suspected that Lp(a) may contribute to lipoprotein metabolism in the brain and glioneurovascular unit maintenance 38. Third, apolipoprotein(a), primary determiner of the plasma Lp(a) level, may modify ApoE isoform metabolism, which is a key player in lipid metabolism 39. Previous study showed that APOE ε2 and APOE ε4 were associated with MRI markers of cSVD 40.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential associations of lipoprotein(a) level with cerebral large artery and small vessel diseases

et al. 2022

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Background and purposeCerebral large artery and small vessel diseases are related to different pathogenetic mechanisms and have different risk factor profile. Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) was shown to promote atherosclerosis but data was limited on its association with cerebral small vessel diseases (cSVD). The objective of this study was to assess the associations of Lp(a) level with the two types of cerebrovascular diseases.MethodsCommunity-dwelling subjects aged 50–75 years from the baseline survey of The PolyvasculaR Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and vaScular Events study were included. Lp(a) concentrations was measured and categorised into three groups according to the tertiles. Eligible participants were scanned by a 3.0T MRI scanner and assessed for intracranial atherosclerosis and cSVD burden based on four imaging markers.ResultsThis study included 3059 subjects. The average age of the participants was 61.2±6.7 years, and 53.5% (1636) were female. Compared with the first tertile, subjects with the second and third tertiles of Lp(a) concentrations were associated with an increased odds of presence of intracranial plaque (18.7% vs 15.4%, adj.OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.75; 18.9% vs 15.4%, adj.OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.72). Similar associations were observed for intracranial atherosclerotic burden. Whereas, subjects with the third tertile of Lp(a) level had a decreased odds of presence of cSVD (25.9% vs 31.7%, adj.OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.92) and lower cSVD burden (adj.cOR 0.76, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.94).ConclusionsIn this study, Lp(a) concentrations were positively associated with presence and burden of intracranial atherosclerosis, but was inversely associated with cSVD.Trial registration numberNCT03178448.

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Dual inverse effects of lipoprotein(a) on the dementia process in Japanese late‐onset Alzheimer's disease

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

The role of dietary coconut for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease: potential mechanisms of action

The role of dietary coconut for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease: potential mechanisms of action

Is lipoprotein (a) protective of dementia?

Differential associations of lipoprotein(a) level with cerebral large artery and small vessel diseases

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