Dual innervation of the mammalian urinary bladder A histochemical study of the distribution of cholinergic and adrenergic nerves

Elbadawi, Ahmad; Schenk, Eric A.

doi:10.1002/aja.1001190305

Cited by 228 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Thus acetylcholinesterase-positive nerves were described by El-Badawi and Schenk (92), and further studied by Gosling and Dixon (120), who found marked regional variation in the distribution of such nerves. In the fundus and adjacent…”

Section: Afferent Nervesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urothelial Signaling

Birder

Andersson

2013

Physiological Reviews

388

362

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The urothelium, which lines the inner surface of the renal pelvis, the ureters, and the urinary bladder, not only forms a high-resistance barrier to ion, solute and water flux, and pathogens, but also functions as an integral part of a sensory web which receives, amplifies, and transmits information about its external milieu. Urothelial cells have the ability to sense changes in their extracellular environment, and respond to chemical, mechanical and thermal stimuli by releasing various factors such as ATP, nitric oxide, and acetylcholine. They express a variety of receptors and ion channels, including P2X3 purinergic receptors, nicotinic and muscarinic receptors, and TRP channels, which all have been implicated in urothelial-neuronal interactions, and involved in signals that via components in the underlying lamina propria, such as interstitial cells, can be amplified and conveyed to nerves, detrusor muscle cells, and ultimately the central nervous system. The specialized anatomy of the urothelium and underlying structures, and the possible communication mechanisms from urothelial cells to various cell types within the bladder wall are described. Changes in the urothelium/ lamina propria ("mucosa") produced by different bladder disorders are discussed, as well as the mucosa as a target for therapeutic interventions.

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Section: Afferent Nervesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urothelial Signaling

Birder

Andersson

2013

Physiological Reviews

388

362

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“…These results suggest that nicotinic receptors might be located at sites other than the autonomic ganglia and that the drug may release substance(s) other than acetylcholine or noradrenaline. The urinary tract receives parasympathetic, sympathetic, sensory and so-called non-cholinergic, nonadrenergic innervations (El Badawi & Schenk, 1966;Taira, 1972;Burnstock et al, 1978;Alm et al, 1978;Hokfelt et al, 1978). They present a complex picture in terms of excitatory innervation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of action of nicotine in isolated urinary bladder of guinea‐pig

Hisayama

Shinkai

Takayanagi

et al. 1988

British J Pharmacology

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1 Nicotine produced a transient contraction of isolated strips of guinea-pig urinary bladder. The response to nicotine was antagonized by the nicotinic receptor antagonist, hexamethonium but was insensitive to tetrodotoxin.2 The nicotine-induced contraction was potentiated by the cholinesterase inhibitor, physostigmine, and was reduced to 50% and 70% by the muscarinic cholinoceptor antagonist, atropine and the sympathetic neurone blocking drug, guanethidine, respectively. Chemical denervation with 6-hydroxydopamine abolished the inhibitory effect of guanethidine. Simultaneous treatment with atropine and guanethidine did not abolish the response to nicotine, but the degree of inhibition was comparable to that obtained with atropine alone.3 The nicotine-induced contraction was insensitive to bunazosin and yohimbine (al-and Cc2-adrenoceptor antagonists, respectively), and exogenously applied noradrenaline did not cause a contraction even in the presence of blockade of noradrenaline uptake mechanisms with desipramine and normetanephrine and of fi-adrenoceptors with propranolol, suggesting a non-adrenergic nature of the sympathomimetic effect of nicotine in this tissue. 4 The nicotine-induced contraction in the presence of atropine was abolished after desensitization of P2-purinoceptors with a, ,B-methylene adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a slowly degradable ATP analogue selective for P2-purinoceptors. By this desensitization, the response to ATP, but not to histamine, was also abolished.5 A cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor flurbiprofen partially inhibited the nicotine-induced contraction. The degree of the inhibition was more pronounced in the presence of atropine than in its absence. Flurbiprofen antagonized the response to exogenously applied ATP in an unsurmountable manner, but not that to carbachol.6 The present results suggest that nicotine might induce a contraction through an interaction with nicotinic receptors located on the terminals of, possibly, (i) parasympathetic cholinergic, (ii) sympathetic non-adrenergic and (iii) non-sympathetic purinergic nerves in guinea-pig detrusor preparations, and that a portion of the contraction due to the purine nucleotide released is possibly potentiated by intramural prostaglandin(s). Parasympathetic cholinergic output might be modulated by an unknown excitatory substance released by nicotine from sympathetic nerve.7 Nicotine reveals a latent excitatory effect of the sympathetic hypogastric nerve which innervates guinea-pig detrusor.

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“…Die autonome Innervation des unteren Harntraktes erfolgt durch den parasympathischen Nervus pelvicus aus dem Nucleus intermediolateralis des Sakralmarkes S2-S4 (Thuroff et al, 1982) sowie dem sympathischen Nervus hypogastricus aus dem Nucleus intermediolateralis der Segmente Th12-L2. Dabei ist nach Elbadawi und Schenk (Elbadawi and Schenk, 1966) Harnröhre über exzitatorische α-Rezeptoren tonisiert, so daß eine kontinenzsichernde Funktion resultiert. Der quergestreifte Sphinkter externus wird wie die übrige Beckenbodenmuskulatur vom somatischen N. pudendus innerviert, der den Vorderhornzellen des Sakralmarks der Segmente S2-S4 entspringt (Thuroff et al, 1982).…”

Section: Innervation Des Unteren Harntraktesunclassified

Botulinumtoxin in der Urologie

Schulte-Baukloh

Knispel

2004

Urologe [A]

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Dual innervation of the mammalian urinary bladder A histochemical study of the distribution of cholinergic and adrenergic nerves

Cited by 228 publications

References 57 publications

Urothelial Signaling

Urothelial Signaling

Mechanism of action of nicotine in isolated urinary bladder of guinea‐pig

Botulinumtoxin in der Urologie

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