Dual‐Function Tactile Sensor with Linear Pressure and Temperature Perception at Low Degree of Coupling

Abstract

Recently, researchers have been focused on the developing flexible electronics for detecting both kinds of information without disturbing the robot itself much.Over the past decades, electronic skins (e-skins) have been attempted to enable robots to interact with their environment more precisely, quickly, and safely. [26][27][28] However, the e-skins are usually single function for force, pressure, temperature, humidity, and approximate sensing, which cannot fulfill the requirements for the robot operation. [25,27,28] Many attempts have been done to develop multimodal perception e-skins, [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] which can be divided into three parts. First, it is to integrate multiple sensors in a side-by-side or stacked manner. [29][30][31] Second, it is to use the multidimensional-sensing properties of materials for simultaneous multidimensional information sensing, including graphene, carbon nanotubes, and triboelectric nanogenerators, which mainly performs comprehensive detection of pressure, temperature, and humidity based on the principles of piezoresistance, capacity, or triboelectricity. [32][33][34][35][36][37] Third, it is to unify as a detection method to achieve integrated perception, which is mainly based on the principle that the resistance changes due to the different heat transfers between the thermal