Dual fluidized bed based technologies for carbon dioxide reduction — example hot metal production

Müller, Stefan; Theiss, Lara; Fleiß, Benjamin; Hammerschmid, Martin; Fuchs, Josef; Penthor, Stefan; Rosenfeld, Daniel C.; Lehner, Markus; Hofbauer, Hermann

doi:10.1007/s13399-020-01021-4

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The simulation and monitoring applications observe the process performance and support the design and commissioning. Several examples for simulation and monitoring applications can be found in [67][68][69][70][71][72]. The evaluation and verification stand for the information analysis, which helps to optimize the process from the design to the decommissioning phase by implementing sustainability indicators.…”

Section: Applications Challenges and Properties Of Virtual Representa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for the Development of Virtual Representations within the Process Development Framework of Energy Plants: From Digital Model to Digital Predictive Twin—A Review

et al. 2023

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Digital reflections of physical energy plants can help support and optimize energy technologies within their lifecycle. So far, no framework for the evolution of virtual representations throughout the process development lifecycle exists. Based on various concepts of virtual representations in different industries, this review paper focuses on developing a novel virtual representation framework for the process development environment within the energy sector. The proposed methodology enables the continuous evolution of virtual representations along the process development lifecycle. A novel definition for virtual representations in the process development environment is developed. Additionally, the most important virtual representation challenges, properties, and applications for developing a widely applicable framework are summarized. The essential sustainability indicators for the energy sector are listed to standardize the process evaluation throughout the process development lifecycle. The virtual representation and physical facility development can be synchronized by introducing a novel model readiness level. All these thoughts are covered through the novel virtual representation framework. Finally, the digital twin of a Bio-SNG production route is presented, to show the benefits of the methodology through a use case. This methodology helps to accelerate and monitor energy technology developments through the early implementation of virtual representations.

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Section: Applications Challenges and Properties Of Virtual Representa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for the Development of Virtual Representations within the Process Development Framework of Energy Plants: From Digital Model to Digital Predictive Twin—A Review

et al. 2023

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“…An advantage of a fluidized bed gasifier [15][16][17] is that it can be designed for a wide range of feedstocks and operating conditions. In addition, it is also suitable for small to medium sized reactors in community enterprises or small scale industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiment and Numerical Studies of the Effect of Equivalent Ratio on Combustion Characteristics in Fluidized Bed Gasifier

Suksuwan¹,

Batcha²,

Palamanit³

et al. 2023

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The effect of equivalent ratio on fluidized bed gasifier on using kernel mixed palm cake as feedstock was studied experimentally and numerically. A 3-D numerical model of the reactor, similar to the experimental setup, was created using the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software ANSYS 2019 (Fluent). The fuel feed rate was fixed at 3 kg/hour and the mass flow rate of the air was varied, setting it to equivalent ratios (ER) of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7. The axial temperature profile in the reactor was compared between experimental measurements and numerical simulations and a good agreement was found. Carbon monoxide and volatiles increased when the equivalent ratio decreased, according to the simulations. It was found that ER = 0.1 and ER = 0.3 are suitable equivalent ratios, although the former would not give continuous combustion due to too low reactor temperature.

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“…The heat and char are transported between the reactors by a fluidized bed. The integration of DFB gasification with the BF-BOF route has recently been investigated by Rosenfeld et al [8] and Müller et al [9]. In both of these works, H 2 from biomass gasification and the electrolysis of water is used to methanize the CO 2 produced from the steel mill, thereby reducing both the emissions and the need for natural gas for heating purposes [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The integration of DFB gasification with the BF-BOF route has recently been investigated by Rosenfeld et al [8] and Müller et al [9]. In both of these works, H 2 from biomass gasification and the electrolysis of water is used to methanize the CO 2 produced from the steel mill, thereby reducing both the emissions and the need for natural gas for heating purposes [8,9]. The proposed DFB gasification configuration is the sorptionenhanced reforming (SER) technology, which relies on the adsorption of CO 2 in the gasifier and its release in the combustor to produce a H 2 -rich syngas [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Negative-Emissions Steel Using a Reducing Gas Derived from DFB Gasification

et al. 2021

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A dual fluidized bed (DFB) gasification process is proposed to produce sustainable reducing gas for the direct reduction (DR) of iron ore. This novel steelmaking route is compared with the established process for DR, which is based on natural gas, and with the emerging DR technology using electrolysis-generated hydrogen as the reducing gas. The DFB-DR route is found to produce reducing gas that meets the requirement of the DR reactor, based on existing MIDREX plants, and which is produced with an energetic efficiency comparable with the natural gas route. The DFB-DR path is the only route considered that allows negative CO2 emissions, enabling a 145% decrease in emissions relative to the traditional blast furnace–basic oxygen furnace (BF–BOF) route. A reducing gas cost between 45–60 EUR/MWh is obtained, which makes it competitive with the hydrogen route, but not the natural gas route. The cost estimation for liquid steel production shows that, in Sweden, the DFB-DR route cannot compete with the natural gas and BF–BOF routes without a cost associated with carbon emissions and a revenue attributed to negative emissions. When the cost and revenue are set as equal, the DFB-DR route becomes the most competitive for a carbon price >60 EUR/tCO2.

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Dual fluidized bed based technologies for carbon dioxide reduction — example hot metal production

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Methodology for the Development of Virtual Representations within the Process Development Framework of Energy Plants: From Digital Model to Digital Predictive Twin—A Review

Methodology for the Development of Virtual Representations within the Process Development Framework of Energy Plants: From Digital Model to Digital Predictive Twin—A Review

Experiment and Numerical Studies of the Effect of Equivalent Ratio on Combustion Characteristics in Fluidized Bed Gasifier

Production of Negative-Emissions Steel Using a Reducing Gas Derived from DFB Gasification

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