Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Neuroradiology and Head and Neck Imaging: State-of-the-Art

Forghani, Reza; Kelly, Hillary R.

doi:10.1016/j.nic.2017.05.001

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…7,8,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] In the head and neck region, several studies showed iodine concentration (IC) could be useful in CT imaging of cervical lymph nodes or patients with underlying neck malignancy. [19][20][21][22] Until now, a few studies have evaluated IC of thyroid nodules using the DECT data sets to find the malignancy or intranodular hemorrhage; however, they decided the individual CT images for quantification without the detailed topographic knowledge based on ultrasound, which is widely considered as reference imaging modality to assess thyroid nodule. [23][24][25][26] In order to reduce the potential mismatch between the DECT images and other diagnostic methods, representative images of thyroid nodule have to be selected meticulously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially, quantitative information for iodine distribution, among the DECT‐based material decomposition techniques, has been considered a promising tool for lesion characterization to distinguish not only malignancy from benignity but also hyperdense cystic lesions or hematomas from enhancing lesions . In the head and neck region, several studies showed iodine concentration (IC) could be useful in CT imaging of cervical lymph nodes or patients with underlying neck malignancy . Until now, a few studies have evaluated IC of thyroid nodules using the DECT data sets to find the malignancy or intranodular hemorrhage; however, they decided the individual CT images for quantification without the detailed topographic knowledge based on ultrasound, which is widely considered as reference imaging modality to assess thyroid nodule …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dual‐energy CT iodine quantification for characterizing focal thyroid lesions

Lee

Seo

et al. 2018

Head & Neck

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Background To determine the usefulness of dual‐energy CT (DECT) iodine quantification to classify the focal thyroid lesions. Methods We retrospectively enrolled a total of 76 cytopathologically confirmed focal thyroid lesions (mean size: 1.9 cm). After drawing a region of interest on the DECT‐derived iodine maps, the obtained iodine concentration values of thyroid nodules (IC_N) and normalized IC_N were compared between 3 groups: papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), benign nodule, and cyst. Results From all lesions, 46, 17, and 13 were assigned to the PTC, benign nodule, and cyst groups. IC_N was the highest in the benign nodule, lower in the PTC, and the lowest in the cyst (median [interquartile range]: 4.3 [3.13‐5.48], 3.15 [2.29‐4.01], 0.60 [0.33‐0.88], all P < .001). Similarly, the normalized IC_N values were all statistically different from each other (P < .05).The multi‐class area under the curves using the optimal cutoff values were 0.931 for IC_N and 0.918, 0.920 for normalized IC, respectively. Conclusion DECT iodine quantification could be helpful to classify the focal thyroid lesions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual‐energy CT iodine quantification for characterizing focal thyroid lesions

Lee

Seo

et al. 2018

Head & Neck

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How to Incorporate Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Into Your Neuroradiology Practice: Questions and Answers

Sachs

West

Läck

et al. 2018

J Comput Assist Tomogr

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Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has many current and evolving applications in neuroradiology including material decomposition, improving conspicuity of iodinated contrast enhancement, and artifact reduction. However, there are multiple challenges in incorporating DECT into practice including hardware selection, postprocessing software requirements, technologist and physician training, and numerous workflow issues. This article reviews in a question-and-answer format common issues that arise when incorporating DECT into a busy neuroradiology practice.

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Dual-Layer Spectral CT Imaging of Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer: Analysis of Spectral Imaging Parameters and Impact on Tumor Staging

Hsu¹,

Jeavon²,

Fomin³

et al. 2021

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dual-layer spectral CT is a novel technology that utilized conventional single-tube CT acquisition with a dual-layer detector for the separation of high and low-energy photons to create spectral data for material decomposition. We evaluated the spectral parameters of iodine density and Z-effective values in primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and determined its impact on local tumor staging.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients with primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and 15 healthy controls were retrospectively evaluated. Iodine density (milligram/milliliter) and Z-effective values were compared quantitatively between head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and normal neck mucosa. The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve determined the diagnostic performance of the spectral data for local staging. We compared conventional CT images without and with iodine density and Z-effective images to determine its impact on local tumor staging.RESULTS: Primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma showed higher mean iodine density (2.01 [SD, 0.26] mg/mL, P , .001) and Z-effective values (8.21 [SD, 0.36], P , .001). A high interobserver correlation was demonstrated for ROI measurements for both the control group (iodine density, k ¼ 0.71, and Z-effective values, k ¼ 0.78) and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (iodine density, k ¼ 0.84, and Z-effective values, k ¼ 0.75) group. The area under the curve for iodine density and Z-effective values was 0.98 and 0.93, respectively. Optimal thresholds were identified as 1.58 mg/mL (95% CI, 1.45-1.71 mg/mL; P , .001; sensitivity ¼ 1.0; specificity ¼ .0.93) for iodine density and 8.08 (95% CI, 7.96-8.19; P , .001; sensitivity ¼ 0.86; specificity ¼ 0.93) for Z-effective values.Conventional CT with the addition of dual-layer spectral data (iodine density and Z-effective values) improved the accuracy of local tumor staging in 3 of 21 patients (14%) with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma compared with the criterion standard surgical staging/histopathology. CONCLUSIONS: Dual-layer spectral iodine density and Z-effective values provided increased quantitative and qualitative differentiation between upper aerodigestive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and normal mucosa. Increased tissue differentiation improved the local tumor staging accuracy.ABBREVIATIONS: DLSCT ¼ dual-layer spectral CT; HPV ¼ human papillomavirus; HNSCC ¼ head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; ROC ¼ receiver operating characteristic H ead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common malignant cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract. CT and MRI are used for diagnosis and local

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Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Neuroradiology and Head and Neck Imaging: State-of-the-Art

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Dual‐energy CT iodine quantification for characterizing focal thyroid lesions

Dual‐energy CT iodine quantification for characterizing focal thyroid lesions

How to Incorporate Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Into Your Neuroradiology Practice: Questions and Answers

Dual-Layer Spectral CT Imaging of Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer: Analysis of Spectral Imaging Parameters and Impact on Tumor Staging

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