Dual Doppler Radar Analysis of an Intense Mesoscale Rainband Generated along the Baiu Front in 1988

Ishihara, Masahito; Fujiyosi, Yasushi; Tabata, Akira; Sakakibara, Hitoshi; Akaeda, Kenji; Okamura, Hirobumi

doi:10.2151/jmsj1965.73.2_139

Cited by 39 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The cloud clusters in the front produce heavy rainfalls and severe disasters over mainland China (especially around the Yangtze and Huaihe River Valleys) and the Japanese Islands (especially Kyushu). Many researchers have tried to clarify the structure of cloud clusters through observation (e.g., Ogura et al 1985;Ishihara et al 1995;Takahashi et al 1996) and numerical simulations (e.g., Nagata and Ogura 1991;Kato 1998;Chen et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Factors in the Development of Deep Convective Clouds over the Wet Region of Eastern China during the Summer Monsoon Season.

Shinoda

Uyeda

2002

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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A two-dimensional cloud-resolving model, including a supply of sensible and latent heat fluxes from the surface, is used to study the development of deep convective clouds over a southern region far from the Meiyu front (wet region) of eastern China. Some deep convective clouds were observed during the latter half of the GAME/HUBEX IOP (GEWEX Asian Monsoon Experiment/Huaihe River Basin Experiment Intensive Observation Periods, GEWEX: Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment) 1998, although there is less large-scale convergence over this region. Numerical simulations reproduce the development of deep convective clouds, and their generating/decaying time. The development process of a convective mixing layer and generation of shallow convective clouds around the top of this layer are also simulated.The results of sensitivity tests on the surface land-use (i.e., the supply of the sensible and latent heat fluxes) and the relative humidity in the middle troposphere, indicate that there are two effective factors in the development of deep convective clouds over this region. One is the large amount of latent heat flux from the surface, and the other is the moist environment in the middle troposphere. The latent heat flux from the surface supplies water vapor to generate convective clouds. Paddy fields can supply a large amount of latent heat flux into the lower atmosphere and are widely distributed over this region. On the other hand, the moist environment in the middle troposphere can cause shallow convective clouds to become deep because the positive buoyancy in the shallow convective clouds is not lost by the evaporation cooling of the entrained air mass. Additionally, this moist environment in the middle troposphere is formed by the development of shallow convective clouds, which transport water vapor from the convective mixing layer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Factors in the Development of Deep Convective Clouds over the Wet Region of Eastern China during the Summer Monsoon Season.

Shinoda

Uyeda

2002

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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“…Ninomiya and Akiyama (1992) suggested that heavy rainfall associated with the Baiu front is generated by meso-γ -to meso-β-scale convective systems embedded in meso-α-scale cloud cluster. The detailed structure of meso-γ -or meso-β-scale convective system within meso-α-scale cloud systems along the Baiu front was reported by Ishihara et al (1995) and Takahashi et al (1996). A meso-β-scale convective band was reportedly produced by low-level convergence under synoptic scale conditions (Sun and Lee, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Environment and morphology of mesoscale convective systems associated with the Changma front during 9–10 July 2007

et al. 2012

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Abstract.To understand the different environment and morphology for heavy rainfall during 9-10 July 2007, over the Korean Peninsula, mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) that accompanied the Changma front in two different regions were investigated. The sub-synoptic conditions were analysed using mesoscale analysis data (MANAL), reanalysis data, weather charts and Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT-IR) data. Dual-Doppler radar observations were used to analyse the wind fields within the precipitation systems. During both the case periods, the surface lowpressure field intensified and moved northeastward along the Changma front. A low-level warm front gradually formed with an east-west orientation, and the cold front near the low pressure was aligned from northeast to southwest.The northern convective systems (meso-α-scale) were embedded within an area of stratiform cloud north of the warm front. The development of low-level pressure resulted in horizontal and vertical wind shear due to cyclonic circulation. The wind direction was apparently different across the warm front. In addition, the southeasterly flow (below 4 km) played an important role in generating new convective cells behind the prevailing convective cell. Each isolated southern convective cell (meso-β-scale) moved along the line ahead of the cold front within the prefrontal warm sector. These convective cells developed when a strong southwesterly low-level jet (LLJ) intensified and moisture was deeply advected into the sloping frontal zone. A high equivalent potential temperature region transported warm moist air in a strong southwesterly flow, where the convectively unstable air led to updraft and downdraft with a strong reflectivity core.

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“…The intrusion of a dry air belt to the southwestern side of MICA might reinforce convection in MICA through the intensification of evaporative cooling by rain drops and the consequent strengthening of the cold pool, as cloud clusters developed around subtropical Baiu frontal zones (e.g., Ishihara et al, 1995). 5.5 Schematic structure of the MICA Using synthesizing radar, maritime weather, and upper air data on board the Keifu Maru, and GMS, ERS-1, and DMSP satellite data, a schematic structure of the mesoscale intense convective area (MICA) of Yancy around 03 UTC 31 August is presented in Fig.…”

Section: Precipitable Water Content Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Evolution of Convection within Typhoon Yancy (T9313) in the Early Developing Stage Observed by the Keifu Maru Radar

Mori¹,

Ishigaki²,

Maehira³

et al. 1999

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Typhoon Yancy (T9313), which was in the early gradual developing stage and moved westward over the northwestern Pacific near (19N, 129E), was observed by the Japan Meteorological Agency research vessel Keifu Maru, during 30 August to 1 September 1993. During that period, the circulation center of Yancy approached as close as 80 km to the north of the Keifu Maru. Convection in the major part of Yancy was analyzed using the radar, maritime weather and upper air observation data obtained on the ship and recently available satellite data. Cell echo tracking winds (CETwinds) were estimated and utilized to supplement low level wind data around Yancy.During the early developing stage, an in-concentric structure of Yancy in which a cloud system existed in a southwest quadrant of a lower-level cyclonic circulation (LLCC) of 1500 km scale was transformed to a concentric one through a formation of a central dense overcast ('CDO') in the cloud system. After the establishment of the concentric structure, Yancy began rapid development.Various mesoscale (100-500 km) precipitation features (MPFs) were organized and evolved successively within Yancy. The configurations of the MPFs were changed as the early developing process progressed through four sub-stages. In the initial sub-stage, a large (400 km) echo system (LES) was organized in the southwest quadrant of the LLCC, over which a round cloud system appeared. In the second sub-stage, a long lasting mesoscale intense convective area (MICA) was formed around the northwestern edge of the LES, which was a mesoscale precipitation entity of the 'CDO' in the round cloud system. LLCC appeared to be intensified on a 500 km scale after the formation of MICA. In the third sub-stage, LES and the cloud system evolved into a comma-shaped spiral band with length over 500 km in the intense cyclonic circulation. In the final sub-stage, curvature of the spiral band was increased and an inner near-circular spiral band emerged in the further intensified LLCC. The northern head of the comma-shaped cloud system was encircling the LLCC center. Line systems transversal and longitudinal to lower-level circulation were formed around MICA in the first sub-stage, and in the second sub-stage, respectively.

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Dual Doppler Radar Analysis of an Intense Mesoscale Rainband Generated along the Baiu Front in 1988

Cited by 39 publications

References 39 publications

Effective Factors in the Development of Deep Convective Clouds over the Wet Region of Eastern China during the Summer Monsoon Season.

Effective Factors in the Development of Deep Convective Clouds over the Wet Region of Eastern China during the Summer Monsoon Season.

Environment and morphology of mesoscale convective systems associated with the Changma front during 9–10 July 2007

Structure and Evolution of Convection within Typhoon Yancy (T9313) in the Early Developing Stage Observed by the Keifu Maru Radar

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