“…Lifetime prevalence rates of substance abuse among the mentally ill may be as high as 87% for individuals with antisocial personality disorders, 56% for bipolar disorders, 47% for schizophrenics and 32% for depressive disorders (Regier et al, 1990). High rates of substance abuse have been found among inpatient psychiatric populations (Regier et al, 1990;McKenna and Paredes, 1992), the mentally retarded (Gabriel, 1994;Reiss, 1990;Matson and Barrett, 1992), the deinstitutionalized homeless (Caton et al, 1994;Kahn et al, 1992) and psychiatric patients who present to emergency departments (Lieberman and Baker, 1985;Szuster, 1990;Sanguineti and Samuel, 1993) and primary care settings (Crum and Ford, 1994). Lifetime comorbidity rates for mental illness and substance abuse in prison populations have been found to be as high as 94% (Abram and Teplin, 1991;Regier et al, 1990).…”