Dual Cross-linked Epoxidized Natural Rubber Reinforced by Tunicate Cellulose Nanocrystals with Improved Strength and Extensibility

Cao, Liming; Huang, Jianhui; Chen, Yukun

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b03331

Cited by 108 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…Nanocellulose exhibits some exclusive features such as exceptional mechanical properties (i.e., low density, high flexibility, and strength while being chemically inert) (Lavoine and Bergström, 2017) and thermal properties (Gan et al, 2020). Over the past few decades, many research studies have been conducted on the reinforcement of polymer matrix nanocomposites, for instance, natural rubber nanocomposites (Neto et al, 2016;Cao et al, 2018;Dominic et al, 2020), polylactic acid nanocomposites (Gitari et al, 2019;Rigotti et al, 2019), epoxy nanocomposites (Ayrilmis et al, 2019;Yan et al, 2019;Yue et al, 2019), and polystyrene nanocomposites (Clarke et al, 2019;Neves et al, 2019), where nanocellulose has been introduced as a reinforcing agent.…”

Section: Properties and Surface Modification Of Nanocellulose Charactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocellulose: From Fundamentals to Advanced Applications

et al. 2020

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Over the past few years, nanocellulose (NC), cellulose in the form of nanostructures, has been proved to be one of the most prominent green materials of modern times. NC materials have gained growing interests owing to their attractive and excellent characteristics such as abundance, high aspect ratio, better mechanical properties, renewability, and biocompatibility. The abundant hydroxyl functional groups allow a wide range of functionalizations via chemical reactions, leading to developing various materials with tunable features. In this review, recent advances in the preparation, modification, and emerging application of nanocellulose, especially cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), are described and discussed based on the analysis of the latest investigations (particularly for the reports of the past 3 years). We start with a concise background of cellulose, its structural organization as well as the nomenclature of cellulose nanomaterials for beginners in this field. Then, different experimental procedures for the production of nanocelluloses, their properties, and functionalization approaches were elaborated. Furthermore, a number of recent and emerging uses of nanocellulose in nanocomposites, Pickering emulsifiers, wood adhesives, wastewater treatment, as well as in new evolving biomedical applications are presented. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of NC-based emerging materials are discussed.

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Section: Properties and Surface Modification Of Nanocellulose Charactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocellulose: From Fundamentals to Advanced Applications

et al. 2020

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“…Surface modification of nanocellulose can also lead to good thermal properties especially with hydrophobic polymer matrices. According to Cao et al ., the introduction of carboxyl groups into CNC could produce a nanocomposite with enhanced thermal characteristics. The reinforcement of modified CNC enhanced the T g notably.…”

Section: Thermal Properties Of Nanocellulose Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal properties of nanocellulose‐reinforced composites: A review

Gan

Sam

Abdullah

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

201

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Nanocellulose has received increasing attention in science and industry in recent years as a nanoscale material for the reinforcement of polymer matrix composites due to its superior mechanical properties, renewability, and biodegradability. New nanocellulose sources, modifications, and treatments are under development to reduce the high energy required during production and to create a more suitable industrial-scale production process. Thus, this paper reviews plant-based nanocellulose composites and their properties, with a focus on their thermal-related characteristics. The purpose of this review is to establish for readers the impact of the incorporation of nanocellulose on the thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of nanocellulose composites. Understanding of the thermal properties is important for researchers to assess the suitability of the nanocomposites for a variety of applications in response to new and evolving societal requirements.The first NFC was produced from wood by using high-pressure homogenization without any pretreatment. 11,12 However, this method is a very energy-intensive process. Therefore, chemical treatments such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO) oxidation combined with mechanical and chemical

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“…In addition, some investigations also involve the addition of foreign reagents to improve interactions between the nanofiller and the rubber matrix, either through surface modification of NCs or adding dispersants in rubber latex. For instance, Cao et al [ 120 ] used carboxylated tunicate CNC in ENR matrices and observed concentration-dependent improvements of crosslink density and an approximate 50% improvement of the tensile strength (from 2.3 MPa to 3.5 MPa) when compared to unmodified tunicate CNC at 5 phr loading. This was attributed to the orientation of modified CNC and rubber chains, which induced stronger interfacial covalent bonds for effective stress transfer at the filler-matrix interfaces.…”

Section: Properties Improvement Of Nanocellulose-reinforced Rubbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Nanocellulose-Reinforced Rubber Matrix Composites: A Review

et al. 2021

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Research and development of nanocellulose and nanocellulose-reinforced composite materials have garnered substantial interest in recent years. This is greatly attributed to its unique functionalities and properties, such as being renewable, sustainable, possessing high mechanical strengths, having low weight and cost. This review aims to highlight recent developments in incorporating nanocellulose into rubber matrices as a reinforcing filler material. It encompasses an introduction to natural and synthetic rubbers as a commodity at large and conventional fillers used today in rubber processing, such as carbon black and silica. Subsequently, different types of nanocellulose would be addressed, including its common sources, dimensions, and mechanical properties, followed by recent isolation techniques of nanocellulose from its resource and application in rubber reinforcement. The review also gathers recent studies and qualitative findings on the incorporation of a myriad of nanocellulose variants into various types of rubber matrices with the main goal of enhancing its mechanical integrity and potentially phasing out conventional rubber fillers. The mechanism of reinforcement and mechanical behaviors of these nanocomposites are highlighted. This article concludes with potential industrial applications of nanocellulose-reinforced rubber composites and the way forward with this technology.

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Dual Cross-linked Epoxidized Natural Rubber Reinforced by Tunicate Cellulose Nanocrystals with Improved Strength and Extensibility

Cited by 108 publications

References 56 publications

Nanocellulose: From Fundamentals to Advanced Applications

Nanocellulose: From Fundamentals to Advanced Applications

Thermal properties of nanocellulose‐reinforced composites: A review

Recent Developments in Nanocellulose-Reinforced Rubber Matrix Composites: A Review

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