Dual‐Controlled Macroscopic Motions in a Supramolecular Hierarchical Assembly of Motor Amphiphiles

Leung, Franco King‐Chi; Kajitani, Takashi; Stuart, Marc C. A.; Fukushima, Takanori; Feringa, Ben L.

doi:10.1002/ange.201905445

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 63 publications

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“…65 Remarkably, dual-mode-controlled soft-robot-like actuation can be realized in this system by incorporating magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and orthogonalizing two kinds of remote stimuli, light and magnetic field, into a single actuator system. 66 (B-C) Reprinted with permission from Wezenberg et al 34 Copyright 2016, Royal Society of Chemistry. (E) Reprinted with permission from van Dijken et al 35 Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society.…”

Section: Hierarchically Supramolecular Amplificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bottom-Up: Can Supramolecular Tools Deliver Responsiveness from Molecular Motors to Macroscopic Materials?

Zhang

Tian

et al. 2020

Matter

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Motion is omnipresent, as is obvious from the artificial machines in the macro-world and the biomolecular motors in living systems, controlling dynamic behavior along many length scales. With the emergence of molecular machines in the past decades, a major step has been made toward responsive materials and dynamic molecular systems. Photochemical rotary molecular motors hold a unique position, as embedding nanoscale motors in macroscopic materials enables light-driven responsive and adaptive properties. Although the synthesis and engineering of discrete molecular motors in the solution phase are well understood, the design and construction of motorized smart materials that operate at the supramolecular and macroscopic levels provide several fundamental challenges. This Review highlights emerging methodologies that take advantage of the supramolecular toolbox for the bottom-up assembly of responsive materials. Illustrative examples include muscle-like actuators, motor-based metal-organic frameworks, and motorized liquid crystal films and droplets. Emphasis is on how the lightresponsive behavior and motion of rotary molecular motors can be communicated, delivered, and amplified to result in a specific dynamic output ranging from the nanoscale and molecular level all the way to the macroscopic scale and materials level. Furthermore, general guidelines for the supramolecular amplification of molecular motion and challenges and perspectives for the development of future motorized smart materials are presented.

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Section: Hierarchically Supramolecular Amplificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bottom-Up: Can Supramolecular Tools Deliver Responsiveness from Molecular Motors to Macroscopic Materials?

Zhang

Tian

et al. 2020

Matter

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Blue Light Controlled Supramolecular Soft Robotics of Phenylazothiazole Amphiphiles for Rapid Macroscopic Actuations

Chau,

Wong,

Kajitani

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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Nature preprograms sophisticated processes in operating molecular machines at the nanoscale, amplifying the molecular motion across multiple length‐scales, and controlling movements in living organisms. Supramolecular soft robotics serve as a new alternative to hard robotics, are able to transform and amplify collective motions of the supramolecularly assembled molecular machines in attaining macroscopic motions, upon photoirradiation. By taking advantage of oriented supramolecular macroscopic soft scaffold, here the first rapid macroscopic movements of supramolecular robotic materials driven by visible light are presented. Head‐tail amphiphilic structure is designed with the phenylazothiazole motif as the photoswitching core. Unidirectionally aligned nanostructures of the amphiphilic phenylazothiazoles are controlled by non‐invasive blue light irradiation and bends toward the light source, demonstrating a fast macroscopic actuation of supramolecular robotic systems (up to 17° s−1) in aqueous media. Through meticulous X‐ray diffraction and electron microscopy analyzes, macroscopic actuation mechanism is illustrated in a tight relation to molecular geometric transformations upon photoisomerization. By elucidating the key macroscopic actuation parameters, this paves the way for the next generation design of supramolecular soft robotic systems with enhanced biomimetic actuating functions.

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Self‐Assembly of Photoresponsive Molecular Amphiphiles in Aqueous Media

et al. 2021

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Amphiphilic molecules, comprising hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and the intrinsic propensity to self‐assemble in aqueous environment, sustain a fascinating spectrum of structures and functions ranging from biological membranes to ordinary soap. Facing the challenge to design responsive, adaptive, and out‐of‐equilibrium systems in water, the incorporation of photoresponsive motifs in amphiphilic molecular structures offers ample opportunity to design supramolecular systems that enables functional responses in water in a non‐invasive way using light. Here, we discuss the design of photoresponsive molecular amphiphiles, their self‐assembled structures in aqueous media and at air–water interfaces, and various approaches to arrive at adaptive and dynamic functions in isotropic and anisotropic systems, including motion at the air–water interface, foam formation, reversible nanoscale assembly, and artificial muscle function. Controlling the delicate interplay of structural design, self‐assembling conditions and external stimuli, these responsive amphiphiles open several avenues towards application such as soft adaptive materials, controlled delivery or soft actuators, bridging a gap between artificial and natural dynamic systems.

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Dual‐Controlled Macroscopic Motions in a Supramolecular Hierarchical Assembly of Motor Amphiphiles

Cited by 8 publications

References 63 publications

Bottom-Up: Can Supramolecular Tools Deliver Responsiveness from Molecular Motors to Macroscopic Materials?

Bottom-Up: Can Supramolecular Tools Deliver Responsiveness from Molecular Motors to Macroscopic Materials?

Blue Light Controlled Supramolecular Soft Robotics of Phenylazothiazole Amphiphiles for Rapid Macroscopic Actuations

Self‐Assembly of Photoresponsive Molecular Amphiphiles in Aqueous Media

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