Dual-comb spectroscopy

Coddington, Ian; Newbury, Nathan R.; Swann, William C.

doi:10.1364/optica.3.000414

Cited by 1,323 publications

(666 citation statements)

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“…This allows us to simultaneously measure and track the frequencies of two FFP modes in real time. In principle this approach could be extended to even broader bandwidths by employing additional tunable lasers covering greater spectral range or with the technique of dual-comb frequency spectroscopy [12]. The FFP has been described in greater detail elsewhere [32].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency stability characterization of a broadband fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometer

et al. 2017

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An optical etalon illuminated by a white light source provides a broadband comb-like spectrum that can be employed as a calibration source for astronomical spectrographs in radial velocity (RV) surveys for extrasolar planets. For this application the frequency stability of the etalon is critical, as its transmission spectrum is susceptible to frequency fluctuations due to changes in cavity temperature, optical power and input polarization. In this paper we present a laser frequency comb measurement technique to characterize the frequency stability of a custom-designed fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FFP). Simultaneously probing the stability of two etalon resonance modes, we assess both the absolute stability of the etalon and the long-term stability of the cavity dispersion. We measure mode positions with MHz precision, which corresponds to splitting the FFP resonances by a part in 500 and to RV precision of ≈ 1 m s −1 . We address limiting systematic effects, including the presence of parasitic etalons, that need to be overcome to push the metrology of this system to the equivalent RV precision of 10 cm s −1 . Our results demonstrate a means to characterize environmentally-driven perturbations of etalon resonance modes across broad spectral bandwidths, as well as motivate the benefits and challenges of FFPs as spectrograph calibrators.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency stability characterization of a broadband fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometer

et al. 2017

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“…Such behavior can lead to bistability [31] and can be exploited to create a gyroscope with enhanced sensitivity to rotation [33,34]. For the case in which such a system can be mode-locked it would result in the generation of two soliton trains with different repetition rates in a single microresonator and thus be used as a dual-comb source in a number of applications [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. Recently counterpropagating solitons were generated in silica microresonators using a single laser, frequency shifted using two acousto-optic modulators (AOM's) pumping a single microresonator [32].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…By tuning the relative pump powers in the two directions, we can control the repetition rate of the two soliton-modelocked pulse trains. Such a dual comb source using a single pump laser and single microresonator eliminates common mode noise due to relative fluctuations between two resonators and lasers and would enable improved real-time, high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measurements of molecular spectra [40], timeresolved measurements of fast chemical processes [46], and precise distance measurements [47,48]. We characterize the generated counter-rotating solitons (b) individually, measuring the optical spectra and transmitted optical powers in CW and CCW directions and (c) after combining the output in both directions to measure the mixed optical and heterodyned RF signal.…”

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confidence: 99%

Counter-rotating cavity solitons in a silicon nitride microresonator

et al. 2018

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We demonstrate the generation of counter-rotating cavity solitons in a silicon nitride microresonator using a fixed, single-frequency laser. We demonstrate a dual 3-soliton state with a difference in the repetition rates of the soliton trains that can be tuned by varying the ratio of pump powers in the two directions. Such a system enables a highly compact, tunable dual comb source that can be used for applications such as spectroscopy and distance ranging.Advancements in optical frequency comb technology over the past two decades have enabled applications in a wide range of fields including precision spectroscopy [1], frequency metrology [2], optical clockwork [3,4], astronomical spectrograph calibration [5,6], and microwave signal synthesis [7]. Applications benefit from the high precision of the frequencies of the comb lines and require low noise, stable operation [8]. Stabilized low-noise comb sources were first demonstrated using mode-locked solid state lasers and fiber lasers [9,10]. Over the last decade, on-chip optical frequency comb generation using microresonators has seen significant progress and has been demonstrated in several materials including silica [11][12][13][14] [13, 14, 17, 20-22, 27, 29] by sweeping the relative detuning between the laser and cavity resonance from the blue-to the red-detuned [17,30]. The dynamics of mode-locking have been studied using various approaches to control the effective detuning, including laser frequency tuning [17,22,29], power kick [13,14,21], and resonance frequency tuning using integrated heaters [20] or free-carrier lifetime control [27].Recently, there has been interest in studying the nonlinear dynamics of bidirectionally pumped microresonators [31,32]. For the case in which the pumps have unequal powers, the counter-rotating fields experience different nonlinear phase shifts that leads to unequal * Corresponding author: chaitanya.joshi@columbia.edu detuning from the cavity resonances for the clockwise (CW) and counter-clockwise (CCW) directions. Such behavior can lead to bistability [31] and can be exploited to create a gyroscope with enhanced sensitivity to rotation [33,34]. For the case in which such a system can be mode-locked it would result in the generation of two soliton trains with different repetition rates in a single microresonator and thus be used as a dual-comb source in a number of applications [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. Recently counterpropagating solitons were generated in silica microresonators using a single laser, frequency shifted using two acousto-optic modulators (AOM's) pumping a single microresonator [32]. The difference in effective detuning was controlled using the two AOM's and leads to a difference in repetition rate for the solitons. While there have also been recent demonstrations of bidirectional modelocked solid state [43] and fiber [44,45] laser cavities, a microresonator-based system could be highly compact and fully integrated onto a chip.In this Letter, we present a novel approach to generating counter-rotating...

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“…Dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) is one of the most successful applications of the dual-comb technique, 2-7 which utilizes its great characteristic as a scanner in an interferometric spectrometer, to enable a rapid and precise spectral detection in a wide frequency range. DCS has exhibited great potential in a variety of fields, such as high-precision spectroscopy for molecules 3,4 and nonlinear spectroscopy. [5][6][7] Meanwhile, asynchronous optical sampling (ASOPS) has been known as another application of the dual-comb technique, [8][9][10] which utilizes it as a scanner in the pump-probe method.…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of ultrafast time-resolved dual-comb spectroscopy

Asahara

Minoshima

2017

APL Photonics

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Ultrafast time-resolved dual-comb spectroscopy (TR-DCS) has been demonstrated, which enables direct observations of transient responses of complex optical spectra by combining dual-comb spectroscopy with the pump–probe method. TR-DCS achieves two-dimensional spectroscopy with a wide dynamic range for both the temporal and frequency axes. As a demonstration, we investigated the femtosecond relaxation dynamics of a photo-excited InGaAs saturable absorber in the near-infrared frequency region. The transient response of the interferogram was successfully obtained, and both the amplitude and phase spectra of the dynamic complex transmittance were independently deduced without using the Kramers-Kronig relations. A high phase resolution in the order of milliradian was achieved by suppressing the effect from the slow phase drift caused in the experimental system. Our proof-of-principle experiment promotes a pathway to coherent, highly accurate, and multi-dimensional pump–probe spectroscopy using the optical frequency comb technology.

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Dual-comb spectroscopy

Cited by 1,323 publications

References 115 publications

Frequency stability characterization of a broadband fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometer

Frequency stability characterization of a broadband fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometer

Counter-rotating cavity solitons in a silicon nitride microresonator

Development of ultrafast time-resolved dual-comb spectroscopy

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