Dual beam laser keyhole welding of steel/aluminum lapped joints

Cui, Li; Chen, Boxu; Chen, Li; He, Dingyong

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2018.02.016

Cited by 44 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The formation of the island-shape structures were probably due to the stirring effect of keyhole resulting from strong convection in the welding pool [25]. This Al/weld interface characteristics of the steel/Al joints is in agreement with that of the tandem configuration [36,37]. Backscatter electron (BSE) analysis was performed to exhibit the Al/weld interface microstructures of the steel/Al joints produced by dual-beam laser welding with side-by-side configuration.…”

Section: Morphology and Thicknesssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Chen et al [36] found that the dual-beam laser welding exhibited better process stability leading to better weld appearance, and bigger effective joining width, which enhanced tensile capacity. Our previous study on dual-beam laser welding of steel/Al joints with tandem configuration demonstrated that soundly welded steel/Al joints had been achieved by using dual-beam laser keyhole welding at optimum welding conditions [37]. The above studies show that dual-beam laser welding of steel/Al joints maintained the key advantages of laser keyhole welding and even improved efficiently the mechanical properties of the steel/Al joints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

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Welding of Dissimilar Steel/Al Joints Using Dual-Beam Lasers with Side-by-Side Configuration

Cui

Chen

et al. 2018

Metals

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Welding of dissimilar steel/Al lapped joints of 1.5 mm in thickness was carried out by using dual-beam laser welding with side-by-side configuration. The effect of the major process parameters including the dual-beam power ratio of (Rs) and dual-beam distance (d1) on the steel/Al joint characteristics was investigated concerning the weld shape, interface microstructures, tensile resistance and fracture behavior. The results show that dual-beam laser welding with side-by-side configuration produces soundly welded steel/Al lapped joints free of welding defects. The processing parameters of Rs and d1 have a great influence on the weld appearance, the weld penetration in the Al alloy side (P2) and the welding defects. Variation in the depth of the P2 and the locations at the Al/weld interface cause heterogeneous microstructures in the morphology and the thickness of the intermetallic compound (IMC) layers. In addition, electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) phase mapping reveals that the IMC layer microstructures formed at the Al/weld interface include the needle-like θ-Fe4Al13 phases and compact lath η-Fe2Al5 layers. Some very fine θ-Fe4Al13 and η-Fe2Al5 phases generated along the weld grain boundaries of the steel/Al joints are also confirmed. Finally, there is a matching relationship between the P2 and the tensile resistance of steel/Al joints, and the maximum tensile resistance of 109.2 N/mm is obtained by the steel/Al joints produced at the Rs of 1.50 during dual-beam laser welding with side-by-side configuration. Two fracture path modes have taken place depending on the P2, and relatively high resistance has been achieved for the steel/Al joints with an optimum P2.

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Section: Morphology and Thicknesssupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Welding of Dissimilar Steel/Al Joints Using Dual-Beam Lasers with Side-by-Side Configuration

Cui

Chen

et al. 2018

Metals

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“…The maximum joint strength was found to be around 163 MPa at phase layer thickness of 8.7 ㎛ and corresponding heat input of 136.8 J mm -1 . In another study, Cui et al 35) employed dual laser beam for joining low carbon steel and AA6061 alloy, both of 1.5 mm in thickness, without any filler wire. The authors reported the maximum joint strength of 110.6 N mm -1 with the separation distance between the laser beam as 1.5 mm and power distribution ratio as 0.67 35) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study, Cui et al 35) employed dual laser beam for joining low carbon steel and AA6061 alloy, both of 1.5 mm in thickness, without any filler wire. The authors reported the maximum joint strength of 110.6 N mm -1 with the separation distance between the laser beam as 1.5 mm and power distribution ratio as 0.67 35) . Table 1 shows the ranges of employed heat input, growth of phase layer thickness and achieved joint strength in joining of aluminium to steel sheet by laser beam based and laserarc hybrid processes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser and Gas Metal Arc Based Dissimilar Joining of Automotive Aluminium Alloys and Steel Sheets - A Review

Das

Bang

2018

Journal of Welding and Joining

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Multi-material joining of aluminium to steel is mainly restricted due to their different thermo-physical properties, melting temperatures, low solubility and in particular, formation of brittle intermetallic phase layer at the joint interface. Various joining processes have been attempted to join aluminium and steel sheets with an aim to reduce the growth of phase layer by precise control of heat input. However, laser beam and arc based joining processes are popular among other joining processes due to their strict control of heat input with regulative metal transfer and flexibility to join intricate shapes. A critical survey in joining aluminium to steel sheets by laser beam and arc based joining processes are presented in the present work. The influence of various joining parameters such as heat input, filler wire types on the growth of intermetallic phase layer thickness and corresponding joint strength are analysed and reported subsequently.

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“…In the manufacturing of the body of high-speed trains and urban rail vehicles, the overall weight and strength of the divided side walls determine that the welded joints are of unequal thickness, the commonly used welding method is the resistance spot welding of the stainless steel lap joint, because the welding mechanism is simple and easy to automate in robot production [ 2 ]. However, many studies [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ] have shown that laser keyhole welding has more advantages in the welding of overlap joints of plants, such as localized heating, small welding deformation, and high penetration depth. Laser keyhole welding has gradually replaced resistance spot welding in automobile and rail vehicle manufacturing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Assembly Gap Size on the Structure and Properties of SUS301L Stainless Steel Laser Welded Lap Joint

Wang

et al. 2021

Materials

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The microstructure and properties of laser welding lap joints with different assembly gap sizes are experimentally investigated. The laser weld joint is composed of γ-austenite and δ-ferrite, and the strip ferrite phase is mainly distributed at the austenite grain boundary. The weld metal presents the austenitic-ferritic (AF) solidification mode. When there is a gap between the two plates, a triangular region composed of similar equiaxed crystals can be found, and the size of the cellular crystals in this region decreases significantly. When the assembly gap size increases from 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm, the weld penetration state of the joint changes from full penetration to semi-penetration, and the surface collapse increases. The excessive size of the gap leads to a decrease in the tensile-shear force and fatigue strength of laser welded joints. In order to ensure that the surface morphology and properties of the welded joint meet the quality standard and requirement, the assembly gap should be less than 0.1mm.

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Dual beam laser keyhole welding of steel/aluminum lapped joints

Cited by 44 publications

References 26 publications

Welding of Dissimilar Steel/Al Joints Using Dual-Beam Lasers with Side-by-Side Configuration

Welding of Dissimilar Steel/Al Joints Using Dual-Beam Lasers with Side-by-Side Configuration

Laser and Gas Metal Arc Based Dissimilar Joining of Automotive Aluminium Alloys and Steel Sheets - A Review

Influence of Assembly Gap Size on the Structure and Properties of SUS301L Stainless Steel Laser Welded Lap Joint

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