“…The miniature concept introduces a word 'fractal' to the UWB system which possess various Koch, Sierpinskicarpet, minkowski, cantor, square, triangular geometries (Ryu and Kishk, 2009;Mishra et al, 2011;Chaouche et al, 2018;Sharma and Bhatia, 2019;Harkanche et al, 2018;Bukkawar and Ahmed, 2018;Kim and Park, 2006;Pharwaha et al, 2018;Wu et al, 2010;Xiao et al, 2014;Sreerag and Sudha, 2014;Zou and Jiang, 2020;Zhou et al, 2008). The original concept of fractal came from the in-depth study of patterns of nature.…”