Dual Activities of Receptor-Like Kinase OsWAKL21.2 Induce Immune Responses

Malukani, Kamal; Ranjan, Ashish; Hota, Shiva Jyothi; Patel, Hitendra Kumar; Sonti, Ramesh V.

doi:10.1104/pp.19.01579

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…This may imply the importance of cGMP generated by the moonlighting kinases in biotic responses. Recently a rice ( Oryza sativa ) gene OsWAKL21.2 shown to have dual guanylate cyclase and kinase activity was found to be involved in immune responses in rice and also, when heterologously expressed, in Arabidopsis [ 59 ].…”

Section: Moonlighting Kinasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moonlighting Proteins Shine New Light on Molecular Signaling Niches

Turek

Irving

2021

IJMS

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Plants as sessile organisms face daily environmental challenges and have developed highly nuanced signaling systems to enable suitable growth, development, defense, or stalling responses. Moonlighting proteins have multiple tasks and contribute to cellular signaling cascades where they produce additional variables adding to the complexity or fuzziness of biological systems. Here we examine roles of moonlighting kinases that also generate 3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in plants. These proteins include receptor like kinases and lipid kinases. Their guanylate cyclase activity potentiates the development of localized cGMP-enriched nanodomains or niches surrounding the kinase and its interactome. These nanodomains contribute to allosteric regulation of kinase and other molecules in the immediate complex directly or indirectly modulating signal cascades. Effects include downregulation of kinase activity, modulation of other members of the protein complexes such as cyclic nucleotide gated channels and potential triggering of cGMP-dependent degradation cascades terminating signaling. The additional layers of information provided by the moonlighting kinases are discussed in terms of how they may be used to provide a layer of fuzziness to effectively modulate cellular signaling cascades.

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Section: Moonlighting Kinasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moonlighting Proteins Shine New Light on Molecular Signaling Niches

Turek

Irving

2021

IJMS

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“…It is possible that over-expression of BdWAK2 mimics a hypersensitive response to pathogen challenge, resulting in cell death. Similarly, a recent study demonstrated heterologous expression of a rice WAKL gene in A. thaliana (OsWAKL21.2) can activate plant immune response [ 76 ]. ZmWAK-RLK1, encoded by the Htn1 gene [ 77 ] was found to confer resistance to northern corn leaf blight by reducing benzoxazinoid secondary metabolites [ 78 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Brachypodium distachyon Wall-Associated Kinases (WAKs) in Cell Expansion and Stress Responses

Bacic

Johnson

et al. 2020

Cells

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The plant cell wall plays a critical role in signaling responses to environmental and developmental cues, acting as both the sensing interface and regulator of plant cell integrity. Wall-associated kinases (WAKs) are plant receptor-like kinases located at the wall—plasma membrane—cytoplasmic interface and implicated in cell wall integrity sensing. WAKs in Arabidopsis thaliana have been shown to bind pectins in different forms under various conditions, such as oligogalacturonides (OG)s in stress response, and native pectin during cell expansion. The mechanism(s) WAKs use for sensing in grasses, which contain relatively low amounts of pectin, remains unclear. WAK genes from the model monocot plant, Brachypodium distachyon were identified. Expression profiling during early seedling development and in response to sodium salicylate and salt treatment was undertaken to identify WAKs involved in cell expansion and response to external stimuli. The BdWAK2 gene displayed increased expression during cell expansion and stress response, in addition to playing a potential role in the hypersensitive response. In vitro binding assays with various forms of commercial polysaccharides (pectins, xylans, and mixed-linkage glucans) and wall-extracted fractions (pectic/hemicellulosic/cellulosic) from both Arabidopsis and Brachypodium leaf tissues provided new insights into the binding properties of BdWAK2 and other candidate BdWAKs in grasses. The BdWAKs displayed a specificity for the acidic pectins with similar binding characteristics to the AtWAKs.

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“…Determining the type of loci likely to affect growth rate is less straightforward, but phytohormones, including auxin and ethylene, can trigger phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) (Leivar and Quail, 2011), which in turn regulate plant growth (Liu et al, 2011;Stewart et al, 2011), making phytohormone-related genes good candidates. Our literature searches implicated several phytohormone genes differentially expressed in SH vs. indica (Table 4), including five auxin related genes (LOC_Os02g57250, LOC_Os03g22270, LOC_Os03g53150, LOC_Os05g33900 and LOC_Os11g44810) (Kitomi et al, 2012;Arenhart et al, 2014;Arbelaez et al, 2017;Hoang et al, 2019), one ethylene gene (LOC_Os02g43790) (Bargsten et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2017;Malukani et al, 2019), and one salicylic acid gene (LOC_Os11g15040) (Hsieh et al, 2018). Several other DE phytohormone genes were found assigned to the hormone metabolism MapMan bin (Table 4, Supplementary Table 15), including LOC_Os02g12890, a cytochrome P450 gene related to auxin signal transduction (Xiumei et al, 2015), LOC_Os02g47510, a gene related to abscisic acid (Wang et al, 2015;Borah et al, 2017) and ethylene related genes (LOC_Os05g28740, LOC_Os05g05680, LOC_Os10g39140 and LOC_Os03g08500) (Sudo et al, 2008;Galland et al, 2014;Yang et al, 2015;González-Schain et al, 2019).…”

Section: Associations Between Gene Expression and Phenotypic Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Physiological and Genetic Evidence for Evolution of Shared Weedy Rice Traits at the Vegetative Growth Stage

et al. 2021

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Weedy rice (Oryza spp.) has successfully adapted to invasion of cultivated rice (O. sativa L.) fields by being a strong competitor from the early vegetative growth stages to crop harvest. While seed shattering and seed dormancy have been shown to contribute to competitiveness at the reproductive stage, much less is known about the traits that could contribute to weedy rice adaptation at the vegetative stage. We examined several growth and physiological traits in five different weedy rice lineages with different ancestral origins, and found that no single vegetative phenotype characterizes all weedy rice. Divergence in growth and physiological traits between weedy rice groups and their putative cultivated ancestors has been limited, suggesting that altered vegetative traits have not been a common path to weed adaptation. There is a lack of convergence in patterns of gene expression in two independent weedy rice lineages, suggesting that there are few shared genetic mechanisms in the evolution of vegetative traits. We conclude that it must not be assumed that all weedy rice groups necessarily have altered vegetative growth or physiological mechanisms compared to their ancestors, that facilitate their invasion of crop fields.

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Dual Activities of Receptor-Like Kinase OsWAKL21.2 Induce Immune Responses

Cited by 26 publications

References 81 publications

Moonlighting Proteins Shine New Light on Molecular Signaling Niches

Moonlighting Proteins Shine New Light on Molecular Signaling Niches

The Role of Brachypodium distachyon Wall-Associated Kinases (WAKs) in Cell Expansion and Stress Responses

Assessing Physiological and Genetic Evidence for Evolution of Shared Weedy Rice Traits at the Vegetative Growth Stage

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