DSM-5 Maladaptive Personality Domains among Treatment-Seeking Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder: The Role of Disinhibition and Negative Affectivity

Cavicchioli, Marco; Ramella, Pietro; Movalli, Mariagrazia; Prudenziati, Francesca; Vassena, Giulia; Simone, Giulia; Maffei, Cesare

doi:10.1080/10826084.2020.1762650

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…One important difference is that the present study does not confirm that Negative affectivity may be specifically related to DD. This is not surprising, since Negative affectivity has been shown to also be a relevant personality dimension in AUD (Cavicchioli et al ., 2020). Indirectly, and bearing in mind the correspondence between the PID‐5 and the NEO‐FFI domains, this result is in keeping with the findings of several studies that relate depression to low scores in Extroversion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship with high Disinhibition was especially evident in the case of alcohol‐related disorders (Sleep et al ., 2017). Studies with a specific focus on AUD found Antagonism and Disinhibition (Creswell, Bachrach, Wright, Pinto, & Ansell, 2016) or Disinhibition and Negative affectivity (Cavicchioli, Ramella, Movalli et al ., 2020) as relevant maladaptive personality dimensions. This result is consistent with previously reported results for NEO‐PI‐R, at least as far as low Agreeableness and low Conscientiousness are concerned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maladaptive personality traits in depressive and substance use disorders: A study with the PID‐5

Gonçalves

Pires

Ferreira

et al. 2021

Scandinavian J Psychology

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Studies on the relationship between personality and depressive disorders (DD) or substance use disorders (SUD) often refer to the normal personality model and focus mainly on the “big” factors. Domain level results with the Personality Inventory for DSM‐5 (PID‐5) tend to be consistent with NEO‐PI‐R or NEO‐FFI results, however facet level results in the specific characteristics of these disorders are scarce. The main objective of this study was to characterize DD and SUD’s maladaptive personality traits through the PID‐5. A sample of DD was compared with a sample of SUD, with a sample of other disorders, and with a community sample. A sample of the general Portuguese population (N = 693) and a heterogeneous clinical sample (N = 310) were studied. Participants responded to the PID‐5 and to the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Depressivity, Irresponsibility and Anhedonia were the main characteristics of DD. However, high values in Depressivity and in depressive symptomatology were present in all the clinical subsamples. Irresponsibility, Deceitfulness and Callousness were the main characteristics of SUD. The occurrence of DD, SUD or Other disorders could be predicted using multinonomial logisitic regression analysis, and PID‐5 facets as independent variables. These results are in line with comorbidity data and tend to confirm the PID‐5 validity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maladaptive personality traits in depressive and substance use disorders: A study with the PID‐5

Gonçalves

Pires

Ferreira

et al. 2021

Scandinavian J Psychology

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show abstract

“…Antagonism was positively associated with all three classes, in increasing strength, suggesting that this trait may represent a risk factor for both initiating AAS use, and for more severe dependence, which was also reflected by the stepwise regression. Negative affectivity likely represents a general risk factor and common characteristic for SUD (40,41,45), which may explain the comparable levels between non-AAS users and those with moderate AAS dependence symptoms in this study. Interestingly, rigid perfectionism is not typically associated with SUD ( 47), but may be related to attitudes towards doping (48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…While this study cannot establish causality, we identified a putative protective effect of emotional control and shift in the low symptoms class, suggesting that greater functioning in these areas may reduce the risk for developing AAS dependence. Similarly, a putative protective effect was found for negative affectivity, suggesting that those with lower anxiety and hostility may be less prone to severe dependence, as this trait has been identified as a risk factor for SUD and alcohol use disorder (40,41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Severity of anabolic steroid dependence, executive function, and personality traits in substance use disorder patients in Norway

Scarth¹,

Havnes²,

Jørstad³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), including testosterone and synthetic derivatives, are typically used to increase muscle mass. Many users develop a dependence on these substances, contributing to worsened physical and mental health outcomes. Aspects of personality and executive dysfunction may represent underlying vulnerabilities for developing dependence.Objective: To identify levels of AAS dependence within substance use disorder (SUD) treatment patients and assess the relationship between dependence severity and personality traits and executive function (EF).Methods: Data were collected from patients at 38 SUD treatment facilities in Norway. Questionnaires were completed for measures of personality and EF. Measures of symptoms of AAS dependence were used in latent class analysis to identify sub-groups of patients, which were evaluated for association with EF and personality traits, and compared with a group of non-AAS using SUD patients. Results: Three classes were identified; largely reflecting low, moderate, and high symptoms of dependence. Multinomial regression analyses indicated that moderate and high symptoms were associated with several measures of EF and personality traits, particularly antagonism, disinhibition, psychoticism, and relational capacities, while users with low symptoms exhibited higher capacities for emotional control and shift, and lower negative affectivity, relative to non-AAS using SUD patients. Backward stepwise regressions indicated antagonism, and decreased self-monitoring as key personality and cognitive characteristics of SUD patients with severe AAS dependence.Conclusion: Our findings indicate that specific executive dysfunctions and personality features, particularly those associated with poor emotional control, reduced empathy, and impulsivity are associated with more severe AAS dependence in the SUD population.

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“…Alcohol is the most widely consumed drug worldwide [ 1 ], yet only a fraction of alcohol consumers develop an alcohol-use disorder (AUD). Various factors have been suggested to increase the likelihood of developing AUDs, including genetic [ 2 ], social [ 3 ], neuropsychological [ 4 ], and psychopathological and personality traits [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridge Nodes between Personality Traits and Alcohol-Use Disorder Criteria: The Relevance of Externalizing Traits of Risk Taking, Callousness, and Irresponsibility

Rosa-Cáceres

Narvaez-Camargo

Molina

et al. 2022

JCM

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Background: Personality disorders show strong comorbidities with alcohol-use disorder (AUD), and several personality traits have been found to be more frequent in people with AUD. This study analyzes which personality facets of those proposed in the Alternative Model of Personality Disorder (AMPD) of DSM-5 are associated with the diagnostic criteria of AUD. Methods: The sample was composed of 742 participants randomly selected from the Spanish population, and 243 patients attending mental health services. All participants were of legal age and signed an informed consent form. The instruments were administered to the community sample in an online format, and a psychologist conducted individual face-to-face interviews with the patients. AMPD facets were assessed through the Personality Inventory of DSM-5 Short-Form, and the AUD criteria through the Substance Dependence Severity Scale. A network analysis was applied to identify the personality facets mostly associated with the AUD criteria. Results: The network analysis showed the existence of three communities, grouping the AUD criteria, externalizing spectrum facets, and internalizing spectrum facets, respectively. Risk taking, callousness, and irresponsibility facets showed the strongest association with the AUD criteria, bridging externalizing personality traits with AUD criteria. Conclusions: The facets of risk taking, callousness, and irresponsibility should be accurately assessed in patients with AUD to differentiate between a possible primary personality disorder and a syndrome induced by alcohol addiction.

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DSM-5 Maladaptive Personality Domains among Treatment-Seeking Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder: The Role of Disinhibition and Negative Affectivity

Cited by 12 publications

References 96 publications

Maladaptive personality traits in depressive and substance use disorders: A study with the PID‐5

Maladaptive personality traits in depressive and substance use disorders: A study with the PID‐5

Severity of anabolic steroid dependence, executive function, and personality traits in substance use disorder patients in Norway

Bridge Nodes between Personality Traits and Alcohol-Use Disorder Criteria: The Relevance of Externalizing Traits of Risk Taking, Callousness, and Irresponsibility

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