DSC studies on the crystallization characteristics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) for blow molding applications

Fann, Daw-Ming; Huang, Su-Cheng; Lee, Jiunn‐Yih

doi:10.1002/pen.10187

Cited by 34 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…After each deposition, the films were dried at 180 • C for 10 min to remove the solvents, until completing a total of 6 depositions. In the final layer, the substrate with the deposited film was annealed for 1 h at 180 • C. The annealing temperature selected is between the PET glass transition temperature (~80 • C) and its melting temperature (~250 • C) [74], however an analogous study revealed that this temperature range is necessary to properly eliminate the reagents [64]. The thickness of the ZnO seed layer cannot be properly estimated as some ZnO chemical etching is expected during microwave synthesis.…”

Section: Structural and Optical Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic TiO2 Nanorod Spheres and Arrays Compatible with Flexible Applications

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In the present study, titanium dioxide nanostructures were synthesized through microwave irradiation. In a typical microwave synthesis, nanorod spheres in the powder form were simultaneously produced with nanorod arrays grown on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. The syntheses were performed in water or ethanol with limited temperature at 80 • C and 200 • C. A simple and low-cost approach was used for the arrays growth, which involved a PET substrate with a zinc oxide seed layer deposited by spin-coating. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy revealed that synthesis in water result in a mixture of brookite and rutile phases, while using ethanol as solvent it was only observed the rutile phase. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the synthesized spheres were in the micrometer range appearing as aggregates of fine nanorods. The arrays maintained the sphere nanorod aggregate structures and the synthesis totally covered the flexible substrates. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to identify the brookite structure. The optical band gaps of all materials have been determined from diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Photocatalytic activity was assessed from rhodamine B degradation with remarkable degradability performance under ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Reusability experiments were carried out for the best photocatalyst, which also revealed notable photocatalytic activity under solar radiation. The present study is an interesting and competitive alternative for the photocatalysts existing nowadays, as it simultaneously results in highly photoactive powders and flexible materials produced with low-cost synthesis routes such as microwave irradiation.

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Section: Structural and Optical Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic TiO2 Nanorod Spheres and Arrays Compatible with Flexible Applications

et al. 2017

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“…Many research papers13–15 concerned the crystallization of PET and PET/MMT nanocomposites. According to the existing literature,16 the effect of MMT on the crystalline performance is not well known yet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rate acceleration in solid‐state polycondensation of PET by nanomaterials

Han

2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The effect of nanomaterials on the solidstate polycondensation (SSP) of PET was investigated using intrinsic viscosity measurement, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and polarizing microscope. The results showed that the montmorillonite nanomaterials could greatly increase the rate of solid-state polycondensation of PET, probably due to the nucleation of montmorillonite nanomaterials for PET crystallization, which resulted in lower crystallinity, more small crystals, and more surfaces of the crystals. The surfaces of microcrystal and richer amorphous regions benefitted the polycondensation reaction of PET and diffusion of volatile by-products, which led to the higher rate of SSP. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: [971][972][973][974][975][976] 2004

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“…An increase in the degree of crystallinity indicates an increase in the dense regions of neatly folded and tightly packed polymer chains (crystal lamella) resistant to penetration by chemicals, gases and vapours (Scheirs 2009) and a decrease in the amorphous regions (containing inter-lamellar connections). An increase in crystallinity is accompanied by an increase in the melting point, tensile strength at yield, and hardness, and a reduction in the diffusion and permeability coefficients and stress crack resistance (Sperling 1992;Fann et al 1998;Kong and Hay 2002;Scheirs 2009). In this study, the degree of crystallinity (X c ) of the GMBs examined was calculated as follows (Lockeo and Paul 1973;Blundell et al 1981;Choudhury et al 1989;Mumhy et al 1994):…”

Section: Crystallinity Testmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of blown film process on initial properties of HPDE geomembranes of different thicknesses

Ewais¹,

Rowe²

2014

Geosynthetics International

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The differences in the properties of five high density polyethylene geomembranes (GMBs) of different thicknesses made by the same manufacturer from same GMB resin are investigated. The 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.4 mm thick GMBs investigated were manufactured during the same production run by changing the pulling speed of the GMB out of the extrusion die, such that, the pulling speed decreased with increasing thickness. There were no differences in the initial HP-OIT or Std-OIT values of the different GMBs. However, there were differences in the key mechanical and physical properties of the GMBs that cannot be simply explained by the increase in the amount of material due to increasing GMB thickness. These differences are explained by differences in the morphological structure of the GMBs arising from the different thermal and stress histories experienced during the manufacturing process. The effects of the differences in the morphological structure are discussed in terms of: the decrease in the relative differences between the stress-elongation curves in the machine and cross-machine directions as thickness increases; changes in the enthalpies of melting and crystallisation by differential scanning calorimetry with changing thickness; and the different stress crack resistance (SCR) for the GMBs. For example, thinner GMBs had a greater difference between the SCR in the machine and cross-machine direction. Increasing the GMB thickness from 1.5 to 2.4 mm resulted in increasing the SCR from , 800 to , 1100 h in the cross-machine direction and decreasing its SCR from , 4100 to , 2000 h in the machine direction. Thus, GMBs of different thickness manufactured from the same resin can be expected to have differences in their physical and mechanical properties that are dependent on the additional material but also the difference in the tension and cooling rate experienced during the manufacturing process.

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DSC studies on the crystallization characteristics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) for blow molding applications

Cited by 34 publications

References 30 publications

Photocatalytic TiO2 Nanorod Spheres and Arrays Compatible with Flexible Applications

Photocatalytic TiO2 Nanorod Spheres and Arrays Compatible with Flexible Applications

The rate acceleration in solid‐state polycondensation of PET by nanomaterials

Effects of blown film process on initial properties of HPDE geomembranes of different thicknesses

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