Drying Stress and Strain of Wood: A Review

Yin, Qin; Liu, Honghai

doi:10.3390/app11115023

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 81 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…All results shows that wood moisture content and wood density have interactive effects on wood fundamental frequency and MOEd. Wood moisture content and density also are the basic wood physical parameters which directly relate to the wood mechanical properties (Yin and Liu 2021). However, wood moisture content and density varies from one wood species to another one, even though in the same condition (Fu et al 2021b;Yin and Liu 2021).…”

Section: Vibrational Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wood moisture content and density also are the basic wood physical parameters which directly relate to the wood mechanical properties (Yin and Liu 2021). However, wood moisture content and density varies from one wood species to another one, even though in the same condition (Fu et al 2021b;Yin and Liu 2021). Thus, finding another indicator to reflect the mechanical properties of wood is important.…”

Section: Vibrational Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Vibrational characteristics of four wood species commonly used in wood products

Liu

2021

BioRes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of the moisture content, density, and striking direction of a hammer on the vibrational characteristics, i.e., the fundamental frequency and dynamic modulus of elasticity, of four wood species, i.e., poplar (Populus tomentosa), mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni), beech (Fagus orientalis), and ash (Fraxinus excelsior), commonly used in wood products were investigated, aiming to provide basic evidence for the nondestructive testing of wood materials. The results showed that the effect of the wood species on the fundamental frequency, dynamic modulus of elasticity, and static modulus of elasticity was statistically significant. The dynamic moduli of elasticity of the four wood species were higher than the corresponding static moduli of elasticity. The effect of the striking direction on the dynamic modulus of elasticity was not significant, indicating that no matter where the hammer struck, i.e., radial and tangential surfaces, the fundamental frequency was essentially constant. Negative relationships were found between the fundamental frequency and the density and moisture when the data of the four wood species were viewed as a population sample. The vibrational characteristics of each wood species varied, which can be applied to the nondestructive testing of wood.

show abstract

Section: Vibrational Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vibrational Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrational characteristics of four wood species commonly used in wood products

Liu

2021

BioRes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As a natural composite material, wood has been widely used in engineering fields including wood constructions and wood products [1][2][3][4]. Compared with other engineering structure materials, such as steel rods and cement concrete, wood has the advantages of being environmental friendly [5,6] and having easy processing [7], good decoration [8][9][10][11][12] and an early warning system before failure [13,14]. Crack propagation in mode I fracture is main failure mode under tension [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Mode I Fracture Behaviors of Wood Using Compact Tension in Selected System Crack Propagation

Liu

2021

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fracture behaviors of four wood species commonly used in wood products were characterized when subjected to compact tension (CT) load in radial-longitudinal (RL) system crack propagation. Meanwhile, the failure modes of evaluated CT samples were compared and analyzed using the fractal dimension method. The results showed that wood species had a significant effect on fracture characteristic values, including maximum fracture load, critical stress intensity factor and fracture energy. These characteristic values changed in the same way, i.e., beech wood CT samples obtained the maximum characteristic values, followed by ash, okoume, and poplar in descending order. The fracture behaviors of all wood species evaluated can be described by combining linear and exponential fitting equations at the crack initial stage and evolution stage, respectively. Linear positive proportional relationships were observed between fracture characteristic values and fractal dimensions calculated using cracks in front and left views of CT samples. However, the relationships between fracture characteristic values and fractal dimensions calculated using fracture surfaces were negative. The fractal dimensions of cracks in front view of CT samples could be a better indicator used to predict critical stress intensity factor and fracture energy, which had greater correlation coefficients beyond 0.95.

show abstract

“…Suitable drying technology can reduce drying stress and improve wood quality [10,11], but for Eucalyptus wood, further treatments are needed to obtain better quality. In order to overcome such disadvantages and increase wood properties, the use of technological modification treatments have been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Physic-Mechanical Characteristics of Eucalyptusurophylla S.T. Blake

Yang

Jin

2021

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eucalyptus plantations wood have great potential application in high quality solid wood product. In order to improve the overall characteristics, heat treatments (HT) were carried out using Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake wood at 150, 170 and 190 °C, for 2 and 4 h, separately. The effects of HT on physical and mechanical properties, wood color, dimensional stability and chemical change were investigated. The results indicate that: Mass loss (ML) of wood at a moderate temperature of 150 °C was small, but increased remarkably when temperature exceeds 170 °C. A maximum ML of 5.83% was observed at 190 °C/4 h; the velocity of water vapor adsorption and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of HT wood decreased significantly, and varied considerably with treating severity; absolute dry density of HT wood decreased, presenting a similar tendency with ML, but the reduction was greater than ML; HT reduced the tangential and radial swelling ratio and swelling coefficients of wood, and improved the dimensional stability by 71.88% at 190 °C; modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of HT wood varied significantly in severer conditions, but there were no obvious changes in a moderate conditions at 150 °C; there was a slight color change at 150 °C, but wood color became more dark and uniform with treating severity; HT decreased the relative content of hydroxyl groups in wood components, improving wood dimensional stability. Color change of wood may be caused by variations of chromophoric groups and its own structure of lignin due to HT. Moderate temperature HT at 150 °C improved dimensional stability and color uniform of wood, but without reducing mechanical stress. This is a practical HT condition for Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake.

show abstract

Drying Stress and Strain of Wood: A Review

Cited by 48 publications

References 81 publications

Vibrational characteristics of four wood species commonly used in wood products

Vibrational characteristics of four wood species commonly used in wood products

Characterizing Mode I Fracture Behaviors of Wood Using Compact Tension in Selected System Crack Propagation

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Physic-Mechanical Characteristics of Eucalyptusurophylla S.T. Blake

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About