Drying process, storage conditions, and time alter the biochemical composition and bioactivity of the anti-greenhouse seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis

Regal, A. L.; Alves, Vítor D.; Gomes, Romina; Matos, Joana; Bandarra, Narcisa M.; Afonso, Cláudia; Cardoso, Carlos

doi:10.1007/s00217-020-03445-8

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The DPPH assay indicated non-negligible antioxidant activity in the extracts of most species. There is some agreement with the relevant literature, for instance, in the case of the aqueous extracts of A. taxiformis (Regal et al 2020) and both types of extracts of T. abies-marina (Fonseca et al 2021). The other two species are less studied and there are no comparable results.…”

Section: Antioxidant Activitysupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Campos et al (2019) reported higher ABTS values in the aqueous extracts than in the alcoholic extracts. Furthermore, a previous study on A. taxiformis (Regal et al 2020) also revealed that the aqueous extract exhibited stronger antioxidant activity (as measured by ABTS) than the ethanolic extract, with values of 8.4 AE 1.4 and 2.6 AE 0.4 μmol Trolox Eq g À1 dw, respectively. These values were lower than in extracts from A. taxiformis in our study.…”

Section: Antioxidant Activitymentioning

confidence: 81%

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The effect of drying on undervalued brown and red seaweed species: Bioactivity alterations

Juliao

Afonso

Gomes-Bispo

et al. 2021

Phycological Research

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The effect of drying on two brown seaweed (Treptacantha abies-marina and Cystoseira humilis) and two red seaweed species (Asparagopsis armata and Asparagopsis taxiformis) was evaluated based on the levels of biological activity, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, the contents of some significant compound classes, such as polyphenols and beta-glucans, were determined. Seaweeds C. humilis and T. abies-marina showed high polyphenol levels (1.76-6.78 mg gallic acid equivalents g À1 dw), which clearly exceeded those determined in the Asparagopsis genus regardless of drying process. This was partially reflected in the antioxidant activity as measured by DPPH and FRAP methods, which showed that extracts from C. humilis and T. abiesmarina in most cases had stronger antioxidant activity than those from Asparagopsis species. The influence of the drying technique upon the antioxidant activity was relatively limited, since in many instances there was no effect. Concerning antiinflammatory activity, in the case of shade-dried samples, C. humilis had a higher activity (>30% COX-2 inhibition) than A. armata. However, this activity in C. humilis was not rendered available in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Indeed, only A. taxiformis displayed anti-inflammatory activity in the fraction available in the upper GI tract, showing an upper GI tract availability in the 90-100% range. Therefore, though bioactivity levels were higher in C. humilis and T. abies-marina, Asparagopsis species also had substantial levels of bioactive compound. Sun-drying produced more negative effects than shade-drying, but these effects were not very extensive.

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Section: Antioxidant Activitysupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Antioxidant Activitymentioning

confidence: 81%

The effect of drying on undervalued brown and red seaweed species: Bioactivity alterations

Juliao

Afonso

Gomes-Bispo

et al. 2021

Phycological Research

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“…The fibre content (soluble, insoluble, and total) was determined through an enzymatic procedure as described in a previous work [14]. The contents of insoluble and soluble fibre were corrected by subtracting protein and ash contents in the residues [15,17].…”

Section: Soluble Insoluble and Total Dietary Fibrementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, given the high moisture content of seaweed, often exceeding 90% of the wet weight and making biomass highly perishable [13], it is important to dry it for a better preservation [14]. Usually, in the industry, seaweed biomass is dried, sometimes still sun-dried, and stored at a temperature between 0 and 4 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undervalued Atlantic brown seaweed species (Cystoseira abies-marina and Zonaria tournefortii): influence of treatment on their nutritional and bioactive potential and bioaccessibility

Fonseca

Guarda

Mourato

et al. 2020

Eur Food Res Technol

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The brown seaweed species Cystoseira abies-marina and Zonaria tournefortii are abundant Atlantic resources that remain undervalued. This results from an insufficient knowledge of their nutrients' and bioactive potential. There is also uncertainty regarding the adequate culinary treatment of these seaweeds prior to their consumption. Thus, the current study evaluated the composition, bioactivity, and bioaccessibility of target compounds and bioactivities of these two species as a function of two treatments, simple rehydration and steaming, in comparison to sun-dried seaweed. The proportion of SFA, MUFA, and PUFA differed between species. C. abies-marina was richer in PUFA (30-31% vs 20-21%) and Z. tournefortii was richer in SFA (53-57% vs 46-47%). Main contributors to ω3 PUFA content were different in each species: alpha-linolenic acid in C. abies-marina, 4.5-5.1%, and eicosapentaenoic acid in Z. tournefortii, 5.8-6.7%. The sum of Mg and Ca contents in Z. tournefortii was two-fold the same sum in the other species. Furthermore, rehydration led to an elemental concentration reduction in most instances. The As content in C. abies-marina was very high, ranging between 295 ± 5 mg/kg dw and 369 ± 2 mg/kg dw, in rehydrated and steam-cooked seaweed, respectively. While aqueous extracts of C. abies-marina had the highest phenolic contents, 620-1280 mg GAE/100 g dw, aqueous extracts of Z. tournefortii contained 170-280 mg GAE/100 g dw. Regarding bioaccessibility, Mg, K, Ca, As, and Cd showed relatively high bioaccessibility levels and it was shown that only a limited part of the original antioxidant activity in both species is bioaccessible. Keywords Cystoseira abies-marina • Zonaria tournefortii • Proximate and elemental composition • Fatty acid profile • Bioactivity • Bioaccessibility Abbreviations AA Eq Ascorbic acid equivalent ABTS 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) DPPH 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl FAME Fatty acid methyl ester FRAP Ferric reducing antioxidant power GAE Gallic acid equivalent MUFA Monounsaturated fatty acid PUFA Polyunsaturated fatty acid SFA Saturated fatty acid Trolox Eq Trolox equivalent ω3 PUFA Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ω6 PUFA Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid * C. Cardoso

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“…Variation in biochemical composition and bioactivity does not only depend on the natural variability of the seaweed but also on preservation processes, as shown in the case of A. taxiformis (Regal et al, 2020). These affect the concentration, composition and bioactivity of algal metabolites (Jiménez-Escrig, Jiménez-Jiménez, Pulido, & Saura-Calixto, 2001;Le Lann, Jegou, & Stiger-Pouvreau, 2008;Stévant, Rebours, & Chapman, 2017), highlighting the critical importance of appropriate drying and storage conditions to preserve biomass quality and ensure product safety (Gupta, Cox, & Abu-Ghannam, 2011;Le Lann et al, 2008;Regal et al, 2020).…”

Section: The Bottleneckmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroalgae Microbiomes May Hold the Key to Reducing Methane Emissions From Ruminant Livestock

Ceh¹

2021

Preprint

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Ruminant mammals extract nutrients from plant-based food through fermentation in the rumen; fiber and starch are pre-digested by microorganisms and methane is produced as a by-product, which released into the atmosphere acts as a potent greenhouse gas. In an effort to reduce enteric methanogenesis, dietary additives for ruminants have been investigated, and marine macroalgae have proven particularly promising, e.g., the inclusion of 0.2% dry matter of the red alga A. taxiformis into cow feed decreased in vivo methane production by up to 98%. Thus, if globally applied, the addition of algae in ruminant diets could revolutionize the management of greenhouse gas emissions across the livestock sector. However, the ozone-depleting nature of halogen compounds produced in Asparagopsis sp. and the reported adverse health impacts on humans, along with impracticability issues and the difficulty to produce, commercialize and distribute algae widely, has sown some doubt on the feasibility of using macroalgae as methane mitigation instruments. To circumvent such obstacles, and taking into account the paradigm that eukaryotic hosts cannot be understood without considering interactions with their associated microbiome, the exploration of marine algae associated microorganisms is anticipated. Following the notion that in the close and intimate relationships between algae-hosts and their microbiota the origin of chemical response mechanisms is often unclear, and that compounds initially assigned to algae have previously been shown to stem from host-associated microbes, it is not unreasonable to think that these may be involved in the antimethanogenic effects of marine algae in the rumen. Once identified, such microorganisms could lead to antimethanogenic feed additives, and reduce enteric methanogenesis from livestock ruminants substantially. This review is three-fold: it provides a brief, historic overview of macroalgae as feed supplements for ruminants, sums up the difficulties related to using whole-macroalgae as large-scale antimethanogenic feed additives, and describes the macroalga microbiome, including its potential to serve as an antimethanogen for enteric fermentation.

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Drying process, storage conditions, and time alter the biochemical composition and bioactivity of the anti-greenhouse seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis

Cited by 23 publications

References 43 publications

The effect of drying on undervalued brown and red seaweed species: Bioactivity alterations

The effect of drying on undervalued brown and red seaweed species: Bioactivity alterations

Undervalued Atlantic brown seaweed species (Cystoseira abies-marina and Zonaria tournefortii): influence of treatment on their nutritional and bioactive potential and bioaccessibility

Macroalgae Microbiomes May Hold the Key to Reducing Methane Emissions From Ruminant Livestock

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