Drying and rewetting events change the response pattern of nitrifiers but not of denitrifiers to the application of manure containing antibiotic in soil

Abstract

A B S T R A C TApplication of manure for soil fertilization is a common practice in arable and pasture soils. As antibiotics are regularly used in animal husbandry, these compounds often enter the soil via manure application. The effects of antibiotics on microbial communities, however, might depend on soil moisture, as water availability may influence both the fate of the compound and the activity of the microbes. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of the application of manure containing the antibiotic sulfadiazine (SDZ) on the abundance and activity of nitrifies and denitrifies in soil, based on the copy number of marker genes and their related potential activities, as affected by different moisture regimes. We observed significant effects of SDZ on potential denitrification activity, but those were not influenced by the soil moisture regime. Nevertheless, neither SDZ nor changes on moisture significantly affected the abundance of denitrifies. In contrast, both potential nitrification activity and abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria were significantly affected by the application of manure containing SDZ and moisture regime. Interestingly, no effects were observed for ammonia oxidizing archaea. Overall, our data show that soil moisture modulates the effects of antibiotics in soil microbial communities, and we recommend to include this parameter in the risk assessment of new chemicals.

The impact of drought and rewetting on N2O emissions from soil in temperate and Mediterranean climates

“…Banerjee et al (2016) found that both community diversity and evenness increased from 60 to 80%, but decreased from 80 to 100%. Although Chen et al's (2014) treatments showed no significant differences in 16S rRNA between a high WFPS control and the wetting and drying cycle, Radl et al (2015) found that dry and wet cycles altered the nitrification enzyme activity (NEA) and drought stress significantly reduced the ratio of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) to ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA). This directly affected the nitrification potential, because there was a significant positive relationship between AOB and NEA.…”

“…Unfortunately, there are very few studies (three were found out of 735 within our search) that recorded changes in the abundance of nitrogen cycling genes and the microbial population, following drying and rewetting (Banerjee et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2014;Radl et al, 2015) 2016) provides a comprehensive explanation of why this might be the case, as transcription abundance, not gene abundance, seems to provide the best correlation with N 2 O emissions. It is not clear if Banerjee et al (2016) created a hot moment.…”

Dynamics of ammonia oxidizers and denitrifiers in response to compost addition in black soil, Northeast China

“…Soil N cycling is a complex biogeochemical process with several rate limiting steps including N-fixation, nitrification and denitrification (Kuypers, Marchant & Kartal, 2018;He et al, 2007). The distribution and functional diversity of N genes for nitrification (bacterial and archaeal amoA) and denitrification (nirK, nirS and nosZ) have previously been used to assess N-cycling functional guilds across various ecosystems (Hallin et al, 2009;Tao et al, 2018;Ai et al, 2013;Radl et al, 2015). Studies have shown that both ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) play key roles in ammonia oxidation in agricultural soils (Jia & Conrad, 2009;He et al, 2007).…”

“…Alternatively, the different response of ammonia oxidizers and denitrifiers to organic amendment mentioned above was possibly due to the sampling period (Hallin et al, 2009;Tao et al, 2018;Ai et al, 2013;Radl et al, 2015). However, it should be noted that most of these studies only indicate short-term or long-term effects of organic amendment in a single sampling time (Hallin et al, 2009;Tao et al, 2018;Ai et al, 2013;Radl et al, 2015), which only capture a specific status of ammonia oxidizers or denitrifiers that may not represent the actual response. Several previous studies indicated that ammonia oxidizers and denitrifiers were subjected to noticeable temporal variations (Hussain et al, 2011;Muema, Cadisch & Rasche, 2016;Zhong et al, 2014).…”

Environmental fate and microbial effects of monensin, lincomycin, and sulfamethazine residues in soil

“…on denitrification using soil (Conkle and White, 2012;DeVries et al, 2015), sediment (Costanzo et al, 2005;Hou et al, 2014) and groundwater (Ahmad et al, 2014;Underwood et al, 2011) as media. Results from these studies showed contrasting behavior since antibiotics can have no effect (Conkle and White, 2012;Costanzo et al, 2005;Radl et al, 2015), enhance inhibition (DeVries et al, 2015), or enhance stimulation (Ding and He, 2010;Ilhan et al, 2011;Yan et al, 2013;Yin et al, 2017). Experimental conditions between these studies were different, since antibiotics were added individually Rosendahl et al, 2012) or as a mixture (Conkle and White, 2012;Costanzo et al, 2005;Underwood et al, 2011), their exposure period ranged between hours (Costanzo et al, 2005;Hou et al, 2014) and weeks (Kotzerke et al, 2008;Roose-Amsaleg et al, 2013;Rosendahl et al, 2012), while their concentrations were usually greater than 1 mg L À1 (Banerjee and D'Angelo, 2013;Kotzerke et al, 2008;Laverman et al, 2015;Radl et al, 2015).…”