Dry sliding tribological behavior of Cr coatings electrodeposited in trivalent chromium sulphate baths

Bikulčius, G.; Češūnienė, A.; Selskienė, Aušra; Pakštas, Vidas; Matijošius, Tadas

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.01.076

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…How the chroming coatings protect the substrate material interests both materials academic and technological communities [1][2][3][4][5]. Literature rarely reports the systematic study on the application of chroming coatings on carbon steel, the most important material for mechanical components and their tribological performance evaluation [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Evolution in Chroming Coatings Friction Pairs under Dry Sliding Test Conditions

Wang

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2018

Advances in Tribology

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The microstructures of subsurface layers of 20CrMnTi steel pins against chroming and nonchroming T10 under dry sliding tests were studied by means of OM (optical microscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction), and SEM (scanning electron microscopy). Results showed that the chroming coating strengthened the disc surface and significantly affected microstructural evolution. Three layers-the matrix, deformation layer (DL), and surface layer (SL)-formed in 20CrMnTi for the chroming T10. The matrix and deformation layer (DL) formed in 20CrMnTi for the nonchroming T10. The formation of the microstructure was considered as a result of the shear deformation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Evolution in Chroming Coatings Friction Pairs under Dry Sliding Test Conditions

Wang

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2018

Advances in Tribology

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“…This trivalent chromium bath composition was taken from literature [16]. The maximum size of ZrO 2 particles was about 0.5-2.5 μm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…under a 30 l h -1 agitation flow of compressed air with a direct current density of 0.2 A cm -2 and pH 2.0 at 20°C. This trivalent chromium bath composition was taken from literature [16]. The maximum size of ZrO 2 particles was about 0.5-2.5 μm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Cr–ZrO2 composite coatings electrodeposited from Cr(III) bath

Bikulčius¹,

Češūnienė²,

Selskienė³

et al. 2018

chemija

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The aim of this work was to incorporate ZrO 2 particles into a Cr matrix within the research work aimed at obtaining metal matrix composite coatings (CrZrO 2 ) under direct current and to evaluate their protective properties. A CrZrO 2 composite coating was deposited from an electrolyte based on trivalent chromium sulphate with formate-urea as a complexing agent containing various concentrations of ZrO 2 . Cross-section investigations have revealed that ZrO 2 particles incorporated into the Cr coating are uniformly distributed. The results indicate that ZrO 2 particles influence the microhardness, morphology and corrosion behaviour of Cr-ZrO 2 composite coatings obtained from the Cr(III) bath. Keywords: zirconium, electrodeposited films, SEM, XPS, EIS, interfaces INTRODUCTIONHard chromium electrodeposition is extensively used in modern industry as it provides good corrosion and wear resistances of the coatings obtained. Commonly, chromium coatings are deposited from hazardous hexavalent chromium baths. In view of a very high toxicity of Cr(VI) compounds, the development of an alternative hexavalent chromium plating process is urgently needed. According to the EU Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 the use of chromium trioxide baths for functional and decorative chromium plating will be forbidden or severely limited after 1 September 2017.Among many potential alternatives, trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) plating is considered as a very promising technology to replace conventional hexavalent Cr plating. Inasmuch as Cr coatings deposited in Cr(III) baths do not feature such good properties as Cr coatings deposited in Cr(VI) baths, efforts have been made to improve them by various methods.Electrochemical codeposition of inert particles in a metal matrix is a suitable technique to produce composite materials with new exploitation properties. Different hard dispersion phases distinguish themselves for different electrical conductivity and surface charge, therefore, to incorporate one or another hard disperse phase into a metallic matrix, specific deposition conditions are required [1].One of popular ceramic particles is ZrO 2 . It is known [2,3] that ZrO 2 has many superior properties, such as high G. Bikulčius, A. Češūnienė, A. Selskienė, A. Grigucevičienė, V. Jasulaitienė The aim of this work was to form a Cr(III)-ZrO 2 composite in an environment-friendly Cr(III) bath under the conditions of constant current and to study the incorporation of ZrO 2 disperse particles into the Cr matrix, the elemental composition of the Cr-ZrO 2 composite, surface microhardness (HV), surface morphology (SEM, XPS) and corrosion resistance (OCP, Tafel and EIS). EXPERIMENTALCr-ZrO 2 composite coatings were deposited from the Cr(III) bath containing Cr 2 (SO 4 ) 3 6H 2 O (150 g l -1 ), H 3 BO 3 (30 g l -1 ), Na 2 SO 4 (60 g l -1 ), Al 2 (SO4) 3 18H 2 O (120 g l -1 ), NaF (20 g l -1 ), HCOONa (27 g l -1 ), NH 2 COONH 2 (g l -1 ) under a 30 l h -1 agitation flow of compressed air with a direct current density of 0.2 A cm -2 and pH 2.0 at 20°C. This...

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“…Song et al [9] showed that formate ions form a reactive intermediate, [Cr(H 2 O) 4 CHOO] 2+ , that has an irregular-octahedron structure and improves reduction of the Cr 3+ ions in the plating bath. Many researchers [8,13,14] have shown that the electrodeposition a Cr-C coating will give rise to a crack owing to high residual tensile stress, which is caused by hydrogen-evolution during electrodeposition. Otherwise, the presence of cracks in the coating can provide a path for corrosive agents to penetrate the interface of the Cr-C coating and the substrate [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cu and Ni Undercoatings on the Electrochemical Corrosion Behaviour of Cr–C-Coated Steel Samples in 0.1 M H2SO4 Solution with 1 g/L NaCl

et al. 2019

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The electrochemical corrosion behaviour of trivalent Cr-C-coated steel samples with Ni and Cu undercoatings was studied in the 0.1 M H2SO4 + 1 g/L NaCl solution. The corrosion resistance of Cr–C-coated samples depends strongly on the undercoating material and the polarised anodic potential. With a soft undercoating, the cracks and crack width in the Cr–C coating can be obviously reduced. Different corrosion potentials were measured from Cr–C-coated steel samples with Ni and Cu-undercoatings. Better electrochemical corrosion resistance of a Cr–C/Cu-coated steel sample was detected at 0 V, but it easily corroded at 0.5 V. On the contrary, the Cr–C/Ni-coated steel sample had better electrochemical corrosion resistance at 0.5 V, and poor at 0 V. The through-coating cracks in the Cr–C coating could provide active corrosion paths for dissolution of the Ni or Cu undercoating during potentiostatic tests polarised at 0 and 0.5 V. The reduction behaviour of Cu2+ ions dissolved from the Cu undercoating of the heat-hardened Cr–C-coated sample was studied and recognised by means of the immersion test in a solution composed of 200 g/L CuSO4·5H2O and 70 g/L H2SO4.

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Dry sliding tribological behavior of Cr coatings electrodeposited in trivalent chromium sulphate baths

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

Microstructural Evolution in Chroming Coatings Friction Pairs under Dry Sliding Test Conditions

Microstructural Evolution in Chroming Coatings Friction Pairs under Dry Sliding Test Conditions

Characterization of Cr–ZrO2 composite coatings electrodeposited from Cr(III) bath

Effect of Cu and Ni Undercoatings on the Electrochemical Corrosion Behaviour of Cr–C-Coated Steel Samples in 0.1 M H2SO4 Solution with 1 g/L NaCl

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