Dry season survival of juvenile salmonids in an intermittent coastal stream

Hwan, Jason L.; Fernández‐Chacón, Albert; Buoro, Mathieu; Carlson, Stephanie M.

doi:10.1139/cjfas-2017-0026

Cited by 16 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Moreover, inter-annual variation in the over-summer survival of trout was related to both the magnitude and duration of summer low flows, providing a critical link between population dynamics and flow variability. Similarly, a recent study on O. mykiss in an intermittent California stream found that over-summer survival was positively correlated with cumulative precipitation of the previous winter [50]. In addition, in Mediterranean-climate California, Woelfle-Erskine et al [45] examined over-summer survival of imperiled juvenile coho salmon (O. kisutch) and steelhead trout and found that species-specific differences in juvenile distributions influenced the abiotic conditions that over-summering salmon and trout were exposed to, and hence the factors that governed over-summer survival.…”

Section: Fish Populationsmentioning

confidence: 74%

High Variability Is a Defining Component of Mediterranean-Climate Rivers and Their Biota

Cid

Bonada

Carlson

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:Variability in flow as a result of seasonal precipitation patterns is a defining element of streams and rivers in Mediterranean-climate regions of the world and strongly influences the biota of these unique systems. Mediterranean-climate areas include the Mediterranean Basin and parts of Australia, California, Chile, and South Africa. Mediterranean streams and rivers can experience wet winters and consequent floods to severe droughts, when intermittency in otherwise perennial systems can occur. Inter-annual variation in precipitation can include multi-year droughts or consecutive wet years. Spatial variation in patterns of precipitation (rain vs. snow) combined with topographic variability lead to spatial variability in hydrologic patterns that influence populations and communities. Mediterranean streams and rivers are global biodiversity hotspots and are particularly vulnerable to human impacts. Biomonitoring, conservation efforts, and management responses to climate change require approaches that account for spatial and temporal variability (including both intra-and inter-annual). The importance of long-term data sets for understanding and managing these systems highlights the need for sustained and coordinated research efforts in Mediterranean-climate streams and rivers.

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Section: Fish Populationsmentioning

confidence: 74%

High Variability Is a Defining Component of Mediterranean-Climate Rivers and Their Biota

Cid

Bonada

Carlson

et al. 2017

Water

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“…Given the differences in total rainfall among years, we expected that fish growth would differ as well, especially considering that the period of summer that we monitored can be an especially harsh period for salmonids rearing in streams (Hwan et al. ). Regardless, we found little difference in growth rates among dry and very wet years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, Hwan et al. ) and other arid and semi‐arid regions, such as parts of Oregon and Washington (Ebersole et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Winter stream flows cue the upstream migration and spawning of anadromous adults (Banks 1969, Brown 1990, and spring flow events often cue migration of smolts (ocean-migrating juveniles; McCormick et al 1998, Achord et al 2007, Roni et al 2012, Hall et al 2016. The low-flow summer season is often limiting for growth and survival of O. mykiss in California streams (Hayes et al 2008, Hwan et al 2018) and other arid and semiarid regions, such as parts of Oregon and Washington (Ebersole et al 2009). Growth during the dry season can later affect over-winter survival (Ebersole et al 2006) and life history decisions on the timing of age at out-migration (Satterthwaite et al 2009(Satterthwaite et al , 2012, making summer an important period in the salmonid life history.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do precipitation extremes drive growth and migration timing of a Pacific salmonid fish in Mediterranean‐climate streams?

Kelson

Carlson

2019

Ecosphere

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Climate change is expected to increase weather extremes and variability, including more frequent weather whiplashes or extreme swings between severe drought and extraordinarily wet years. Shifts in precipitation patterns will alter stream flow regimes, affecting critical life history stages of sensitive aquatic organisms. Understanding how threatened fish species, such as steelhead/rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), are affected by stream flows in years with contrasting environmental conditions is important for their conservation. Here, we report how extreme wet and dry years, from 2015 to 2018, affected stream flow patterns in two tributaries to the South Fork Eel River, California, USA, and aspects of O. mykiss ecology, including over‐summer fish growth and body condition as well as spring out‐migration timing. We found that stream flow patterns differed across years in the timing and magnitude of large winter–spring flow events and in summer low‐flow levels. We were surprised to find that differences in stream flows did not impact growth, body condition, or timing of out‐migration of O. mykiss. Fish growth was limited in the late summer in these streams (average of 0.02 ± 0.05 mm/d), but was similar across dry and wet years, and so was end‐of‐summer body condition and pool‐specific biomass loss from the beginning to the end of the summer. Similarly, O. mykiss migrated out of tributaries during the last week of March/first week of April regardless of the timing of spring flow events. We suggest that the muted response to inter‐annual hydrologic variability is due to the high quality of habitat provided by these unimpaired, groundwater‐fed tributaries. Similar streams that are likely to maintain cool temperatures and sufficient base flows, even in the driest years, should be a high priority for conservation and restoration efforts.

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“…The Status Review cited increasing negative impacts from climate change ) and noted that the greatest temperature shifts from climate change are expected in the summer. The movement of water from fogdrip through baseflow is critically important to coho in late summer when disconnected pools scattered along the stream can dry out (Woodward et al 2014;Hwan et al 2017;Woelfle-Erskine et al 2017). Juvenile coho in small pools are subject to high rates of mortality due to overheating, higher predation exposure, and reduced instream habitat (Sawaske 2014).…”

Section: Climate Change and The Recovery Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrologic Resilience from Summertime Fog and Recharge: A Case Study for Coho Salmon Recovery Planning

Torregrosa

Flint

2019

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Research Impact Statement: Coastal fog and recharge strongly influence late summer instream hydroclimate conditions critical to coho and help to identify watersheds least vulnerable to future warming.ABSTRACT: Fog and low cloud cover (FLCC) and late summer recharge increase stream baseflow and decrease stream temperature during arid Mediterranean climate summers, which benefits salmon especially under climate warming conditions. The potential to discharge cool water to streams during the late summer (hydrologic capacity; HC) furnished by FLCC and recharge were mapped for the 299 subwatersheds ranked Core, Phase 1, or Phase 2 under the National Marine Fisheries Service Recovery Plan that prioritized restoration and threat abatement action for endangered Central California Coast Coho Salmon evolutionarily significant unit. Two spatially continuous gridded datasets were merged to compare HC: average hrs/day FLCC, a new dataset derived from a decade of hourly National Weather Satellite data, and annual average mm recharge from the USGS Basin Characterization Model. Two use-case scenarios provide examples of incorporating FLCC-driven HC indices into long-term recovery planning. The first, a thermal analysis under future climate, projected 65% of the watershed area for 8-19 coho population units as thermally inhospitable under two global climate models and identified several units with high resilience (high HC under the range of projected warming conditions). The second use case investigated HC by subwatershed rank and coho population, and identified three population units with high HC in areas ranked Phase 1 and 2 and low HC in Core. Recovery planning for cold-water fish species would benefit by including FLCC in vulnerability analyses.(

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Dry season survival of juvenile salmonids in an intermittent coastal stream

Cited by 16 publications

References 52 publications

High Variability Is a Defining Component of Mediterranean-Climate Rivers and Their Biota

High Variability Is a Defining Component of Mediterranean-Climate Rivers and Their Biota

Do precipitation extremes drive growth and migration timing of a Pacific salmonid fish in Mediterranean‐climate streams?

Hydrologic Resilience from Summertime Fog and Recharge: A Case Study for Coho Salmon Recovery Planning

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