Dry season and soil texture affect the chemical control of monocotyledonous in sugarcane

Abstract

Article AbstractThe chemical weed control in sugarcane during the wet season is more effective than the control carried out during the dry season. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides in the rainy season and in the dry season in sugarcane crop, and in different soil textural classes. The experiments simulated dry season and rainy season basing on periods of days in which experiment was submitted to irrigation restriction. In each experiment, it was tested 50 and 100% of the dose of the main herbicides commonly used in sugarcane to control B. decumbens, B. plantaginea, P. maximum and D. horizontalis. In general, in dry conditions, as well as varying the soil texture, there are restrictions in the choice of herbicide to be used due to the reduced effectiveness of some treatments in certain situations. In the very-clayey soil, especially in the dry season, the efficacy of herbicides is better, whereas, for the sandy-clay-loam soil in dry conditions, the effectiveness of herbicides is restricted. Thus, this study, despite the great complexity of the variables to be analyzed, permitted to establish guidelines for decision making on the most appropriate herbicide to be applied in each studied condition, in order to control these weed species.

Invasive Species in the Amazon

“…This species of invasive plant is very common, infesting crops in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is an annual plant with woody base, belonging to the Fabaceae family, subfamily Caesalpinioideae, and order Fabales that reproduces itself by seeds, that are in the form of a cluster with yellow petals and sprout especially in spring and summer [38][39][40]. In the same way as other invasive species, Senna obtusifolia produces seeds on a large scale [41].…”

“…In the case of this species, this is due to the fruits with multiple seeds [38]. It also has an ultra-aggressive radicle system, giving it a high competitive capacity, even in periods when the soil has low hydric availability [39], although it does not present nitrogen fixing nodules in the roots, which is common in many species of Senna and that is of extreme importance for invasive plants [41].…”

“…Researchers believe that Senna obtusifolia originates in the Caribbean and in tropical South America [40], but has spread widely and exhibits a global pantropical distribution [39,40], as it can be found in Africa, India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Central America, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, South America, Caribbean, USA, and Australia [37,40]. This species is present also in environments of 1600 m altitude, as in Mexico and Tanzania [40].…”

“…It is known by many different names in different parts of the world, but the most common are: mata-pasto [26,36], sicklepod [39], fedegoso, and Feijão-Java [37,40]. It is a very aggressive weed of agricultural areas of a wide variety of crops and in several countries, being predominant in plantations of soybean, peanuts, cotton, sugarcane, corn, disturbed areas, such as animal husbandry pastures, and open ecosystems [37][38][39][40]42].…”

Manejo de >i<Cyperus rotundus>/i< L. em cana-de-açúcar no sistema de mudas pré-brotadas (MPB)

“…A aplicação de diclosulam nas doses de 126 ou de 168 g i.a. ha -1 , em pré-emergência, resultaram em controle excelente (acima de 95%) das plantas daninhas U. plantaginea, U. decumbens, P. maximum e D. horizontalis (Takano et al, 2017). Para C. rotundus, o uso de 200 g i.a.…”