Dry rolling-sliding wear of bainitic and pearlitic steels

Garnham, J.; Beynon, John H.

doi:10.1016/0043-1648(92)90189-f

Cited by 99 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In many instances, the results have indicated that this microstructure does not in general outperform pearlite with similar hardness and loading conditions [3,[10][11][12][13], the exception being a 0.04 wt%C bainitic steel that had a lower wear rate (rolling-sliding) than less-ductile pearlite of similar strength [2]. The greater wear resistance of pearlite is attributed to the ability of the microstructure to deform during rolling and sliding [12], the work-hardening of the ferritic component [13,14] and the significant presence of hard cementite at the wear surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The wear behaviour of bainitic steels subjected to rolling and sliding conditions has been studied for a variety of circumstances [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In many instances, the results have indicated that this microstructure does not in general outperform pearlite with similar hardness and loading conditions [3,[10][11][12][13], the exception being a 0.04 wt%C bainitic steel that had a lower wear rate (rolling-sliding) than less-ductile pearlite of similar strength [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dry rolling/sliding wear of nanostructured bainite

Bakshi

Leiro

Prakash

et al. 2014

Wear

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The abrasive wear of carbide-free bainitic steel under dry rolling/sliding conditions has been studied. It is demonstrated that this nanostructure, generated by isothermal transformation at 200• C, has a resistance to wear that supersedes that of other carbide-free bainitic steels transformed at higher temperatures. The experimental results, in combination with a theoretical analysis of rolling/sliding indicates that under the conditions studied, the role of sliding is minimal, so that the maximum shear stresses during contact are generated below the contact surface. Thus, the hardness following testing is found to reach a maximum below the contact surface. The fine scale and associated strength of the structure combats wear during the running-in period, but the volume fraction, stability and morphology of retained austenite plays a significant role during wear, by work-hardening the surface through phase transformation into very hard martensite.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry rolling/sliding wear of nanostructured bainite

Bakshi

Leiro

Prakash

et al. 2014

Wear

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“…It has been established in earlier work [13,15,17,19,20] that in standard grade, pearlitic rail steels subject to cyclic wheel-rail contact, where some pro-eutectoid (PE) ferrite was present at PA grain boundaries, there was strain-partitioning between the PE ferrite and the fully pearlitic zones. Earlier ductility exhaustion took place in the PE ferrite than in the fully pearlitic zones and hence RCF crack initiation and propagation took place along the PE ferrite / pearlite boundaries [20,21].…”

Section: Crack Characteristics For Cracks Up To Pa Grain Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization and Modelling to Understand Rail Rolling Contact Fatigue Cracks in Three Dimensions

Garnham

Fletcher

Davis

et al. 2011

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:

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The paper presents an extensive survey of experimental data on rolling contact fatigue (RCF) crack shape and propagation characteristics in rails removed from service, where such cracks are angled to the rail axis. The data includes re-analysis of previously published experimental data to extract crack shape information and new experimental work on crack shapes at different stages in the early RCF life. Periods from initiation (ratcheted 'flake cracks') have been considered through very early growth to the limit of one prior austenite (PA) grain and on to rail-head visual cracks. Techniques included multi-sectioning through single cracks and crack zones, on used rail and test discs, to build up real 3D data on crack shapes and propagation characteristics. This data has been compared with the UK rail system guidance charts relating to visual crack length and respective vertical depth; all data fell within the indicated guidance zones. The configuration of such angled cracks, typically found in curves, so aligned due to the vector of both lateral and longitudinal traction, rather than just axially, was identified as an important case for modelling. A fracture mechanics based model has been developed to predict mode I and II stress intensity factors for such cracks covering multiple PA grains. An important geometry effect is revealed by which a contact approaching a crack angled to the rail axis is effectively 'offset' from the approach direction considered in 2D models, thereby resulting in lower predicted peak stress intensity factor values, compared with 2D, for the prediction of crack growth rates.

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“…They have shown better rolling contact fatigue resistance than pearlitic rail steels. However, the wear resistance of bainitic rail steels is inferior to that of pearlitic rail steels at a fixed tensile strength, as shown by Garnham and Beynon [18] and Mitao et al [19].…”

Section: Wear Measurements and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Tribology of the wheel–rail contact – aspects of wear, particle emission and adhesion

Olofsson

Zhu

Abbasi

et al. 2013

Vehicle System Dynamics

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The wheel-rail contact is a safety critical interface. Wear, particle emission and adhesion are all wheelrail contact phenomena and are discussed here. All three phenomena are material and system parameters and are linked together. Different countermeasures to one phenomenon such as adhesion enhancement with a friction modifier can increase the wear in the contacting bodies. The wear of railway wheel and rail are linked to the number of airborne particles generated, but the exact number and size distribution of the aerosols is unknown. The main objective of this study is to review recent work in this field and to discuss future trends.

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Dry rolling-sliding wear of bainitic and pearlitic steels

Cited by 99 publications

References 10 publications

Dry rolling/sliding wear of nanostructured bainite

Dry rolling/sliding wear of nanostructured bainite

Visualization and Modelling to Understand Rail Rolling Contact Fatigue Cracks in Three Dimensions

Tribology of the wheel–rail contact – aspects of wear, particle emission and adhesion

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