Dry-Powder Aerosol Dispersing Device with Long-Time Output Stability

Crider, Walter L.; Barkley, Naomi P.; Strong, Arthur A.

doi:10.1063/1.1683302

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Dust was aerosolized and introduced into the air entering the chambers by means of an apparatus designed by Crider et al (1968), which had been modified by the attachment of a vibrator 13. The viabrator reduced dust accumulation on the inside wall of the apparatus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aerial Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide and Swine-House Dust on Rate of Gain and Respiratory-Tract Structure in Swine

Curtis

Anderson

Šimon

et al. 1975

Journal of Animal Science

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Ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and swine-house dust at continuous aerial levels as high as or higher than those normally encountered in enclosed swine-finishing houses had little or no effect on rate of body-weight gain and respiratory-tract structure of 92 healthy pigs in seven trials. The trials were of 17 to 109 days' duration, involved air pollutants alone and in various combinations and were conducted in air-pollutant exposure chambers. (

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aerial Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide and Swine-House Dust on Rate of Gain and Respiratory-Tract Structure in Swine

Curtis

Anderson

Šimon

et al. 1975

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Limitations of the Wright dust feed have been documented including limited operating speed and a small dust holding capacity. Crider et al developed a cone-shaped dry powder aerosol dispensing device in the 1960s that used Teflon chips to agitate the bulk powder with a pulsed air jet to maintain concentrations from 0.7 to 3.0 mg/m 3 , and it was capable of automatic feedback control based on measurements from an aerosol photometer [26]. McKinney et al developed a computer automated acoustical aerosol generator for animal toxicology research that suspended silica particles into the air using vibrations from a loudspeaker and dispersed them using high velocity air flow through a venturi [27].…”

Section: Dust Generation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatically Controlled Dust Generation System Using Arduino

Hofstetter

Fabian-Wheeler

Dominguez

et al. 2022

Sensors

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A dust generator was developed to disperse and maintain a desired concentration of airborne dust in a controlled environment chamber to study poultry physiological response to sustained elevated levels of particulate matter. The goal was to maintain an indicated PM10 concentration of 50 µg/m3 of airborne dust in a 3.7 m × 4.3 m × 2.4 m (12 ft × 14 ft × 8 ft) controlled environment chamber. The chamber had a 1.5 m3/s (3200 cfm) filtered recirculation air handling system that regulated indoor temperature levels and a 0.06 m3/s (130 cfm) exhaust fan that exchanged indoor air for fresh outdoor air. Dry powdered red oak wood dust that passed through an 80-mesh screen cloth was used for the experiment. The dust generator metered dust from a rectangular feed hopper with a flat bottom belt to a 0.02 m3/s (46 cfm) centrifugal blower. A vibratory motor attached to the hopper ran only when the belt was operated to prevent bridging of powdered materials and to provide an even material feed rate. A laser particle counter was used to measure the concentration of airborne dust and provided feedback to an Arduino-based control system that operated the dust generator. The dust generator was operated using a duty cycle of one second on for every five seconds off to allow time for dispersed dust to mix with chamber air and reach the laser particle counter. The control system maintained an airborne PM10 dust concentration of 54.92 ± 6.42 µg/m3 in the controlled environment chamber during six weeks of continuous operation using red oak wood dust. An advantage of the automatically controlled dust generator was that it continued to operate to reach the setpoint concentration in response to changes in material flow due to humidity, partial blockages, and non-uniform composition of the material being dispersed. Challenges included dust being trapped by the recirculation filter and the exhaust fan removing airborne dust from the environmental chamber.

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“…Carbon exposure facilities. The exposure chambers were constructed from stainless steel and glass, similar in most respects to those described by Hinners et al (10), and the dry powder aerosol generator was constructed according to the design of Crider et al (7).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Carbon Dust Inhalation on the Cell-Mediated Immune Response in Mice

Miller

Zarkower

1974

Infect Immun

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The effects of carbon dust inhalation on the bone marrow-derived (B) and thymus-derived (T) lymphocyte populations of spleen and mediastinal lymph node (MLN) cultures were examined. The concanavalin A (Con A)-responsive cell population (T cells) in the spleen was found to be depressed after 7 days of pre-exposure to carbon dust. However, this effect was transient, and after 14, 21, and 28 days of pre-exposure to carbon dust, the Con A-responsive cells exhibited a 30 to 40% enhancement over control group responses. Conversely, Con A-responsive cells in the pooled MLN cultures exhibited depression, ranging from 22 to 33% below control group values, after 7, 14, and 28 days of preexposure to carbon dust. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-responsive cell population (B cells) in the spleens of carbon-exposed mice was found not to differ significantly from control group values after all times of pre-exposure. LPS-responsive cells in the MLN cultures exhibited enhancement, ranging from 49 to 74% above control values, after 14, 21, and 28 days of pre-exposure to carbon dust. The ability of carbon spleen cell cultures from carbon-exposed mice to undergo antigen induced blast transformation after sensitization with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra was also determined. Mice exposed to carbon dust inhalation 2 weeks before and 3 weeks after aerosol or subcutaneous immunization exhibited significantly enhanced ratios of transformation upon culture of their spleen lymphocytes with purified protein derivative of tuberculin.

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Dry-Powder Aerosol Dispersing Device with Long-Time Output Stability

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Effects of Aerial Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide and Swine-House Dust on Rate of Gain and Respiratory-Tract Structure in Swine

Effects of Aerial Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide and Swine-House Dust on Rate of Gain and Respiratory-Tract Structure in Swine

Automatically Controlled Dust Generation System Using Arduino

Effects of Carbon Dust Inhalation on the Cell-Mediated Immune Response in Mice

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