Dry Matter Yield and Forage Quality at Mixture of Annual Legumes and Italian ryegrass on Paddy Field

Kim, Ki Young; Jung, Min-Woong; Ji, Hee Chung; Lim, Young Chul; Seo, Sung; Kim, Jong Duk; Yoon, Bong Ki; Lee, Hyo Won

doi:10.5333/kgfs.2011.31.1.33

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Additionally, more excellent dry matter content, higher crude protein percent, and advanced water-soluble carbohydrates were obtained when wheat was intercropped with beans rather than sole wheat [3]. Furthermore, Italian Ryegrass and forage pea mixed cropping contributed to higher crude protein and dry matter content, and cultivation stability was improved [18]. Additionally, the most excellent mixed cropping system with alfalfa and ryegrass enhanced total seasonal DM production, reduced weeds, increased NDF concentration, improved digestibility, raised N concentration, and improved watersoluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Optimization of Alfalfa-Based Mixed Cropping with Winter Wheat and Ryegrass in Terms of Forage Yield and Quality Traits

Dong

Zhang

et al. 2022

Plants

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Forage has a significant association with animal nutrition because it is an essential part of milk and meat production in the livestock industry. Thus, for the production of high-quality forage, cereal–legume mixed cropping is an efficient method for meat and milk production in the livestock sector. In a two-year experiment between 2020 and 2021, the forage yield, nutritional compositions, amino acid profile, and forage quality were evaluated in the mixed cropping of winter wheat and ryegrass with alfalfa. In this study, a split-plot design with a randomized block design was employed with three sampling replicates. Cultivars were harvested at three maturity stages, namely, flowering, milk, and soft dough, depending on the wheat growth stage. The experimental results show that wheat 2 (Baomai 9)–alfalfa and ryegrass–alfalfa mixed cropping produced higher fresh biomass output than mono-cropping of wheat and ryegrass harvested at the flowering stage. Furthermore, the dry matter (DM) percentage range increased from 20.18% to 36.39%. By contrast, crude protein, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were higher at the flowering stage than at other harvesting stages with DM values of 14.28%, 34.12%, 55.06%, and 32.55%, respectively. Ryegrass–alfalfa mixing yielded higher values of mineral compositions, and T5 (Baomai 9–alfalfa) generally achieved more extraordinary amino acid compositions. The results demonstrate that wheat and ryegrass with alfalfa mixed cropping, and harvesting at the flowering period produces high-quality forage. Additionally, mixed cropping with alfalfa remarkably affected forage quality parameters, while mixed cropping of wheat cultivar 2 (Baomai 9) and alfalfa obtained the highest dry matter intake, digestible dry matter, relative feed value, total digestible nutrient, relative forage quality, and quality index values of 2.56, 68.54, 136.49, 60.50, 127.41, and 1.69, respectively. Thus, the mixed-cropping of wheat and ryegrass with alfalfa forage is recommended for its maximized quality forage production and nutritional values in livestock feedstuff.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Optimization of Alfalfa-Based Mixed Cropping with Winter Wheat and Ryegrass in Terms of Forage Yield and Quality Traits

Dong

Zhang

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…Many authors [Papoa et al 2012, Iqbal et al 2018, Manoj and Shekara 2020, Salama 2020] believe that fibre amount in the obtained feed is related to the cutting timing, plant development stage, plant morphological structure, share of individual components in the mixture as well as site and thermal conditions. According to Kim et al [2011], harvesting green forage at the right time is important for obtaining maximum nutritional value of forage. Forage plants when harvested at the vegetative stage have low yields and low fiber content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The proportion of components in field pea and spring triticale mixtures and harvest stage affect crude fiber content and forage digestibility

Górski,

Płaza

2024

Agron. Sci.

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The work presents results of a study conducted in 2016–2018 to determine the effect of component share in the mixture and harvest stage on concentration of crude fibre and its fractions as well as digestibility of field pea/spring triticale mixtures. The following two factors were examined in a field experiment: factor I – component share in a mixture: field pea in pure stand 100%, spring triticale in pure stand 100%, field pea 75% + spring triticale 25%, field pea 50% + spring triticale 50%, field pea 25% + spring triticale 75%; factor II – harvest stage: field pea flowering stage (BBCH 65), field pea flat green pod stage (BBCH 79). The concentration of crude fibre and its fractions (NDF, ADF, ADL) were determined in the dry matter in addition to dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility. The lowest content of crude fiber and its fractions, among the mixtures, was revealed in the mixture with the share of components of pea and spring triticale 75% + 25% and 50% + 50%, respectively. Harvesting mixtures at a later stage caused an increase in crude fiber content and its fraction in dry matter. The superior dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility were found for field pea and field pea/spring triticale mixtures containing 75% + 25% and 50% + 50% of the respective components and harvested at the stage of field pea flowering.

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“…When clover and wheat were intercropped, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) levels increased, according to the analysis by Contreras et al [ 16 ]. Additionally, Kim et al came to the conclusion that Italian ryegrass and fodder pea mixed cropping contributed to better crude protein and dry matter content, as well as improved cultivation stability [ 17 ]. Furthermore, some studies revealed that cereal–legume mixed cropping has an impact on the forage quality parameters such as relative feed value (RFV), relative forage quality (RFQ), total digestible nutrient (TDN), dry matter intake (DMI), digestible dry matter (DDM), and quality index (QI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, one of the other most important factors that affect the quality of forage feed is the time of harvest. According to Kim [ 17 ], harvesting at the right time is crucial for obtaining the maximum nutritional value as well as lowering the danger of mold infection on the farm. Different harvesting times may compromise the quality of fodder, notably the forage nutritional value [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Different Harvesting Stages and Cereals–Legume Mixture on Forage Biomass Yield, Nutritional Compositions, and Quality under Loess Plateau Region

Bai²,

Dong³

et al. 2022

Plants

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One of the main problems in the animal industries currently is the constant provision of forage in sufficient amounts with acceptable nutritional content for large and small ruminants, as livestock is a significant source of income for rural people in the Loess Plateau region. Cereals and legumes are essential forage crops because of their nutritional significance, particularly the protein concentration in legumes and the fiber content in cereals. Therefore, combining cereal and legume crops may be a practical solution to the problems of inadequate forage nutrition, an insufficient amount of forage, unsustainable agricultural methods, and declining soil fertility. The current study predicts that mixed cropping of cereals and legumes at the harvesting stage of the soft dough stage and maturity stage based on the cereal growth stage will have different effects on forage biomass output, forage quality index, and nutritional value of the forage. In this study, wheat (Triticum aestivum) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) are used as cereal crops and pea (Pisum sativum), and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) are used as legume crops. Three sample replicates and a split-plot design with a randomized block design are used. The study is conducted in the 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 cropping seasons. The experimental results show that cereal–legume mixed cropping, particularly the cereal–alfalfa combination, has a positive impact on the biomass yield and nutritional composition of the forage. However, adding peas to cereal has a negative impact on biomass yield, nutritional composition, mineral composition, and forage quality index. Among the treatments, ryegrass–alfalfa mixed cropping was shown to have higher values of WSC%, CP%, EE%, CF%, and ash% in both growing seasons. The values are WSC (15.82%), CP (10.78%), EE (2.30%), CF (32.06%), and ash (10.68%) for the 2020–2021 cropping seasons and WSC (15.03%), CP (11.68%), EE (3.30%), CF (32.92%), and ash (11.07%) for the 2021–2022 cropping seasons, respectively. On the other hand, the current study finds that cereal–alfalfa mixed cropping had a detrimental impact on NDF and ADF concentrations. All nutritional indices, including CP, WSC, EE, CF, ash, NDF, and ADF, have favorable correlations with one another. Furthermore, in both growing seasons, RA, ryegrass–alfalfa mixed cropping, has higher mineral compositions and forage quality indicators. Furthermore, harvesting times have a significant impact on the fresh biomass yield, dry matter yield, nutritional compositions, mineral compositions, and forage quality parameters (p < 0.001), with the highest values being shown when harvesting at the soft dough stage. The current study concludes that, based on chemical composition and quality analysis, the soft dough stage is the greatest harvesting period, and that the cereal–alfalfa mixed cropping is the most preferable due to its maximized quality forage production and nutritional content in livestock feedstuff in the Loess Plateau region.

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Dry Matter Yield and Forage Quality at Mixture of Annual Legumes and Italian ryegrass on Paddy Field

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Optimization of Alfalfa-Based Mixed Cropping with Winter Wheat and Ryegrass in Terms of Forage Yield and Quality Traits

Optimization of Alfalfa-Based Mixed Cropping with Winter Wheat and Ryegrass in Terms of Forage Yield and Quality Traits

The proportion of components in field pea and spring triticale mixtures and harvest stage affect crude fiber content and forage digestibility

Influence of Different Harvesting Stages and Cereals–Legume Mixture on Forage Biomass Yield, Nutritional Compositions, and Quality under Loess Plateau Region

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