Dry matter accumulation and mineral nutrition of arracacha in response to nitrogen fertilization

Abstract

-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the growth and yield of arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), as well as on the plant's nutrient uptake, distribution, and removal. The experiment was carried out in a typical Oxisol, with sandy texture. A randomized complete block design was used, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of five N rates: 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 kg ha -1 . The plots were composed of three 8-m-length rows, spaced at 0.60 m between rows and 0.40 m between plants. The plants were harvested after an 8-month cycle. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased the proportion of N and S accumulated in stems, and of Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn in leaves. N supply increased Zn distribution to stems and leaves, whereas high N rates increased Cu allocation to stems more than to the rootstock. High N rates increase plant dry matter (DM) production and nutrient uptake and removal, but do not result in the greatest yield due to the greater development of leaves and stems, and to the lower allocation of DM in storage roots.Index terms: Arracacia xanthorrhiza, dry matter allocation, nutrient accumulation, nutrient concentration, storage root. Acúmulo de matéria seca e nutrição mineral da mandioquinha-salsa em resposta à adubação nitrogenadaResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adubação nitrogenada no crescimento e na produtividade de mandioquinha-salsa (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), bem como na absorção, na distribuição e na exportação de nutrientes pela planta. O experimento foi conduzido em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, de textura arenosa. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco doses de N: 0, 50, 100, 200 e 400 kg ha -1 . As parcelas foram compostas por três fileiras de plantas de 8 m de comprimento, no espaçamento de 0,60 m entre fileiras e 0,40 m entre plantas. A colheita das plantas foi realizada após ciclo de 8 meses. A adubação nitrogenada aumentou significativamente a proporção de N e S acumulada nos rebentos, e de Ca, Mg, Fe e Mn nas folhas. A aplicação de N aumentou a distribuição de Zn para rebentos e folhas, enquanto altas doses de N aumentaram mais a alocação de Cu para os rebentos do que para a coroa. Altas doses de N aumentam a produção de matéria seca (MS) das plantas e a absorção e a exportação de nutrientes, mas não acarretam maior produtividade, em razão do maior desenvolvimento das folhas e dos rebentos e da menor alocação de MS nas raízes tuberosas.Termos para indexação: Arracacia xanthorrhiza, alocação de matéria seca, acúmulo de nutrientes, teor de nutrientes, raízes tuberosas.

Nutrient contents and fertirrigation in camu camu (Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh) crop with different nitrogen doses

“…One of the indicators to measure plant growth intensity is the production of dry mass, which is directly related and influenced by the nutrient content of leaves, fruits and other organs (Magolbo et al, 2015). Therefore, studies aiming at quantifying nutrient concentration in plant tissues are essential to know the plant nutritional requirements, being essential for a better fertilization management avoiding a fertilizers waste and excess as well as the detection of possible deficiencies during their plant development (Laviola & Dias, 2008).…”

Physiological performance of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under agricultural climatic conditions in Boyaca, Colombia

“…In the case of T3, the increment occurred because of the application of soluble fertilizer and the increase of precipitation during the experiment. Furthermore, the dry matter is an indicator of the capacity that plants have to absorb nutrients (Magolbo et al, 2015). Aliro et al (2011) stated that in the vegetative stages the highest dry matter accumulation occurs in leaves, while in grain formation the elements, minerals, and photoassimilated compounds are transported from the source to the sink organs.…”

High population density in arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft) increase radiation interception, yield, and profitability

“…The lack of nitrogen can reduce the content of chlorophyll and RuBisCO, limiting photosynthesis and the availability of carbohydrates for the part of the plant that is of economic value (Imai et al, 2008), which for arracacha are the commercial roots. The arracacha crop requires between 200-250 kg ha -1 of nitrogen for reach an optimal biological yield (Magolbo et al, 2015). The amount of fertilizers is increased depending on the population density to mitigate this effect, but consequently increases the cost of production.…”