Drugs that act on the immune system: immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory drugs

Braun, Felix; Behrend, Matthias

doi:10.1016/s0378-6080(05)80460-x

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 96 publications

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“…For example, encapsulation techniques have been investigated for xenotransplantation to treat endocrine diseases, such as diabetes [1], anaemia [2] and restricted growth [3]. The transplanted cells must be shielded from the host immune system to avoid the use of immunosuppressant drugs that lead to undesirable side effects [4,5]. Therefore, the matrix should have a fine-tuned porosity to block antibodies and T-cells while permitting the passage of the incoming signalling molecule and the outgoing response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural polymers for the microencapsulation of cells

Gasperini

Mano

Reis

2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

528

413

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The encapsulation of living mammalian cells within a semi-permeable hydrogel matrix is an attractive procedure for many biomedical and biotechnological applications, such as xenotransplantation, maintenance of stem cell phenotype and bioprinting of three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In this review, we focus on naturally derived polymers that can form hydrogels under mild conditions and that are thus capable of entrapping cells within controlled volumes. Our emphasis will be on polysaccharides and proteins, including agarose, alginate, carrageenan, chitosan, gellan gum, hyaluronic acid, collagen, elastin, gelatin, fibrin and silk fibroin. We also discuss the technologies commonly employed to encapsulate cells in these hydrogels, with particular attention on microencapsulation.

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