Drugs in the treatment of obesity: sibutramine, orlistat and rimonabant

Rubio, Miguel A.; Gargallo, Manuel; Millán, Ana Isabel Jiménez; Moreno, B.

doi:10.1017/s1368980007000717

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The addition of sibutramine to behaviour therapy has been found to be more effective than adding a placebo. 35 It might be hypothesized from the present data that sibutramine is more effective in people with less effective response inhibition. To reduce impulsivity an effective treatment strategy might be to train response inhibition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

The interactive effect of hunger and impulsivity on food intake and purchase in a virtual supermarket

et al. 2009

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Objective: It has been shown repeatedly that impulsivity, obesity and food intake are related; obese people are more impulsive than lean people and impulsive people eat more than less impulsive people. The relation between impulsivity and food intake might be state dependent; hunger motivates food seeking behaviour and food consumption, especially of high caloric food. Difficulties to overrule automatic behavioural tendencies might make impulsive people more susceptible to the effects of hunger on food selection. Therefore, they are expected to increase their intake more than low impulsive people when feeling hungry. Study 1: Fifty-seven female participants were randomly assigned to a hunger or sated condition. Response inhibition (a measure of impulsivity) and food intake were measured. Results show that impulsive participants ate significantly more, but only when feeling hungry. Study 2: Ninety-four undergraduate students participated. Hunger, response inhibition and the purchase of food in a virtual supermarket were measured. The same interaction was found: impulsive participants bought most calories, especially from snack food, but only when feeling hungry. Conclusion: Hunger and impulsivity interact in their influence on consumption. These data suggest that reducing hunger during calorie restricting diets is important for successful weight loss, particularly for the impulsive dieters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

The interactive effect of hunger and impulsivity on food intake and purchase in a virtual supermarket

et al. 2009

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“…The optimal strategy for reversing obesity must consider the early stages of IR, and changes in lifestyle are also crucial [39]. Physical activity increases metabolic rate and energy expenditure [40]; however, this approach is short-term in duration and fat accumulation is usually observed [39].…”

Section: Fenugreek (Trigonella Foenum-graecum L)mentioning

confidence: 99%

4-Hydroxyisoleucine from Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum): Effects on Insulin Resistance Associated with Obesity

Avalos-Soriano

Cruz-Cordero²,

Rosado

et al. 2016

Molecules

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Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are interdependent multifactorial processes that cannot be understood separately. Obesity leads to systemic inflammation and increased levels of free fatty acids that provoke IR and lipotoxicity. At the same time, IR exacerbates adipose cell dysfunction, resulting in chronic inflammation and major lipotoxic effects on nonadipose tissues. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine (4-OHIle), a peculiar nonprotein amino acid isolated from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds, exhibits interesting effects on IR related to obesity. 4-OHIle increases glucose-induced insulin release, and the insulin response mediated by 4-OHIle depends on glucose concentration. The beneficial effects observed are related to the regulation of blood glucose, plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, free fatty acid levels, and the improvement of liver function. The mechanism of action is related to increased Akt phosphorylation and reduced activation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)1/2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. Here, we present a review of the research regarding the insulinotropic and insulin-sensitising activity of 4-OHIle in in vitro and in vivo models.

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“…Drugs such as sibutramine, orlistat, and rimonabant have been shown to be efective in improving the lipid proile, lowering blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin (in diabetics), and pro-inlammatory cytokine levels, thus reducing cardiovascular risk [41]. Meanwhile, it has been shown that the majority of these drugs instead of lowering cardiovascular risk have the opposite efect, which has led to their removal from the market [42].…”

Section: Pharmacological Treatment For Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Orlistat, being an inhibitor of pancreatic and gastric lipases, inhibits the hydrolysis of triglycerides from the diet by up to 30%, thus reducing total caloric intake [41]. Hence, weight loss is not signiicant using this medication only and requires a calorie-restricted regimen.…”

Section: Drugs That Alter Fat Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 12-month meta-analysis concludes that patients undergoing lifestyle changes that also associate orlistat as an adjuvant medication will lose an average of 8-10 kg over 12 months as opposed to those who associate lifestyle change with a placebo who will lose an average of 3-6 kg [43]. In addition to weight loss, it has positive efects in reducing cardiovascular risk factors due to its efects on triglyceride and LDL cholesterol [41]. Moreover, in Orlistat treatment, a beter glycemic control with decreasing fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin is noticed [44].…”

Section: Drugs That Alter Fat Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lifestyle Changes and Weight Loss: Effects in PCOS

Ionescu¹,

Popescu²,

Banacu³

et al. 2018

Debatable Topics in PCOS Patients

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Even though controversies surrounding the polycystic ovary syndrome are not yet close to be solved, its clinical manifestations are well known-insulin resistance and obesity, hirsutism, irregular and anovulatory menstrual cycles. The treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is mainly symptomatic as its etiology is not yet clear. Lifestyle changes are the primary therapy in overweight and obese women with PCOS. According to majority of the studies, lifestyle changes are the most efective form of treatment not only for weight loss but also for the improvement of insulin sensitivity, decreasing incidence of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Studies also show that weight loss has fertility beneits by restoring ovulatory cycles. Although initial studies researching pharmacologic treatment were showing excellent results concerning the weight loss, maintenance of weight loss and reduction of cardiovascular risks, some of these drugs were in the end, has proven to actually increase the risk for cardiovascular events and were removed from the market. Bariatric surgery has been demonstrated to improve or even cure type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obstructive sleep apnea. More so, there are studies that reported complete resolution of all features of PCOS, even hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, anovulation, and menstrual irregularity.

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Drugs in the treatment of obesity: sibutramine, orlistat and rimonabant

Cited by 46 publications

References 40 publications

The interactive effect of hunger and impulsivity on food intake and purchase in a virtual supermarket

The interactive effect of hunger and impulsivity on food intake and purchase in a virtual supermarket

4-Hydroxyisoleucine from Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum): Effects on Insulin Resistance Associated with Obesity

Lifestyle Changes and Weight Loss: Effects in PCOS

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