Drug utilization pattern in four major wards of a tertiary hospital in eastern Nepal

Sarraf, Deependra Prasad; Rauniar, Gajendra Prasad; Misra, Arup Kumar

doi:10.3126/hren.v13i2.17554

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…10 The higher values were also found in other similar studies done in Nepal at different University teaching hospital by Thapa et al (2.7), 11 Lamichhane et al (1.9), 12 Pradhan et al (2.2) 13 and Sarraf et al (4.6). 14 The incidence of polypharmacy was 14% which is similar with the studies done by Hussain et al (21.30%), 15 Moses et al (19%) 16 and Asiri et al (22.1%). 17 The reason behind the polypharmacy may be due to patient's demand, desire to treat several comorbid conditions at the same time and inappropriate diagnosis for definitive cause of disease.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

A Study on Medicine Utilization Pattern in Outpatient Departments of Tertiary Care Centre in Kathmandu

Thapa

Singh

2019

Nep. Med. Coll. J.

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The main objective of this study is to analyze the prescribing pattern of medicine in outpatient departments of tertiary care centre in Kathmandu using World Health Organization (WHO) drug use prescribing indicators. As per WHO consideration, 100 prescriptions were taken from each outpatient departments (OPD) of Nepal medical college including Orthopedics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Surgery, Medicine, Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, Pediatrics, Dermatology and Psychiatry. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the statistical significance between means between all departments. Among a total of 900, 47.7% were male and 52.3% were female. Average medicine per prescription was 2.43±0.039. Number of Medicines by generic name 76 (3.4%), antibiotics 416 (19.0%), Injection 34 (1.5%), from Essential Medicine List (EML) 1,312 (60.1%), Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) 468 (21.4%) and the polypharmacy (≥4) was 129 (14.3%). The average cost was NPR 404.72±19.3 (3.69$; 1$=109.41NPR) and duration of treatment was 16.43±0.73 days. Patient’s age had positive correlation with number of medicines (p=0.002) and negative correlation with antibiotics (p=0.988). Cost of treatment had positive correlation with number of medicines (p=0.00), EML (p=0.00), duration of treatment (p=0.00) and antibiotics (p=0.33). Average medicines, from EML, and antibiotic use were high in Otorhinolaryngology with statistical significance of difference between mean. Prescription with FDC and intravenous were significantly high in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Cost and treatment duration were significantly high in Psychiatry. Tertiary healthcares need to develop and implement specific guidelines for prescriptions writing and also should develop a system to record them.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

A Study on Medicine Utilization Pattern in Outpatient Departments of Tertiary Care Centre in Kathmandu

Thapa

Singh

2019

Nep. Med. Coll. J.

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“…The average number of analgesics prescribed per patient was 1.26. Similar finding was noted in Sarraf et al [16] where it was 1.1 and by Sen and Bathini [1] where it was 1.39. The percentage of analgesics prescribed from EML was 18.18%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Observing Drug Utilization Trends of Analgesics in Indoor Surgical Patients in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Parulekar

Badar

2020

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate and compare the utilization pattern of analgesic use in pre-operative, intraoperative, and post-operative wards of different surgical specialties. Methods: It was a prospective, cross-sectional, and observational study done for a period of 1 year and the data were obtained from case sheets of 386 patients admitted in surgical wards of the. Data were analyzed according to demography, type of surgery, and the WHO prescribing indicators. The percentage of analgesic prescribed from an essential medicine list or National list of essential medicine (NLEM), common analgesics, and fixed dose combinations (FDC) used in surgery, gynecology, ENT, and orthopedic wards in preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively, was assessed and the amounts of drugs consumed were converted into the number of daily defined dose (DDD) as per the 2010 version of ATC/DDD index. Results and Discussion: The female to male ratio of 1.21 and most of patients were in the category of middle-aged adults (49%). On the evaluation of WHO prescribing parameters, it was seen the average number of analgesics prescribed per prescription was 1.26, percentage of injectable analgesics and analgesics prescribed from NLEM were 81.09% and 90.64%, respectively. Perioperatively, injection diclofenac sodium was the most commonly used analgesic and its DDD was 460. The most common FDC used perioperatively was aceclofenac 325mg+serratiopeptidase 15 mg (5.04%) and Drug Controller General of India and the WHO approved FDCs were 80.28% and 75.53%, respectively. Conclusion: It is necessary to determine the prevalence and severity of post-surgical pain and implementation of standardized pain evaluation and treatment protocols which improve the post-operative patient care in the hospital setting.

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“…In some studies it was found that there was zero prescription of drugs by generic name. [6,7,8] However, in few studies about two-third to half of total drugs were prescribed by generic name. [9,10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Utilization Pattern by Using WHO Core Prescribing Indicators in Orthopedics and Obstetrics / Gynecology Departments of a Tertiary Care Hospital

Karki¹,

Joshi

Shrestha

et al. 2019

J Lumbini Med Coll

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Introduction: Drug utilization research is an important tool to facilitate rational use of drugs. In low income countries irrational use of drugs is a common problem like overuse of drugs and inappropriate use of antibiotics, leading to poor treatment outcome and increased burden of treatment. This study was conducted to provide understanding of drug utilization pattern by using WHO Core Prescribing Indicator. Methods: This study was conducted in Orthopedics and Obstetrics / Gynecology departments. Patients visiting these Out Patient Departments with at least one drug on prescription form were included in the study. Further, information related to WHO Core Prescribing Indicators were collected in pre-designed proforma. Results: Average number of drugs prescribed per prescription was 2.6. Means of number of drugs prescribed in Orthopedics and Obstetrics / Gynecology departments were 2.9 and 2.3 respectively (p < 0.001). Drugs prescribed in generic name and from essential drug list was 41.4% and 34.3% respectively. Prescription forms with generic name in Orthopedics department were significantly more compared to Obstetrics / Gynecology department (p = 0.00002). However, there was an increased tendency to prescribe drugs from essential drug list in Obstetrics / Gynecology department compared to Orthopedics department (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Drugs were prescribed by generic name and from essential drug list, but this was not sufficient to meet the ideal values of WHO Core Prescribing Indicator. Therefore, prioritization on prescribing drugs by generic name and from essential drug list by respective departments to achieve the standards of WHO needs to be encouraged.

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Drug utilization pattern in four major wards of a tertiary hospital in eastern Nepal

Abstract: Background: Drugs play an important role in protecting, maintaining and restoring health.

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

A Study on Medicine Utilization Pattern in Outpatient Departments of Tertiary Care Centre in Kathmandu

A Study on Medicine Utilization Pattern in Outpatient Departments of Tertiary Care Centre in Kathmandu

Observing Drug Utilization Trends of Analgesics in Indoor Surgical Patients in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Drug Utilization Pattern by Using WHO Core Prescribing Indicators in Orthopedics and Obstetrics / Gynecology Departments of a Tertiary Care Hospital

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