Drug-use disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a glance at GBD 2019 findings

Amirkafi, Ali; Mohammadi, Faezeh; Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash; Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen; Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab; Abdollahi, Mohammad; Abu-Gharbieh, Eman; Aghaei, Abbas; Ahmadi, Ali; Ajami, Marjan; Al Thaher, Yazan; Alhalaiqa, Fadwa; Alimohamadi, Yousef; Al-Maweri, Sadeq Ali; Almustanyir, Sami; Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad; Amiri, Sohrab; Arabloo, Jalal; Ashraf, Tahira; Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin; Azadnajafabad, Sina; Baghcheghi, Nayereh; Bagherieh, Sara; Bijani, Ali; Bitaraf, Saeid; Hashemi, Milad Bonakdar; Dibas, Mahmoud; Djalalinia, Shirin; Dodangeh, Milad; Elhadi, Muhammed; Farzadfar, Farshad; Fatehizadeh, Ali; Feizkhah, Alireza; Ghaderi, Amir; Ghadirian, Fataneh; Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi; Ghasemi Nour, Mohammad; Ghashghaee, Ahmad; Gholami, Ali; Goleij, Pouya; Golitaleb, Mohamad; Hajebi, Amir Ali; Hajiani, Mehdi; Haque, Shafiul; Hasaballah, Ahmed I.; Hasani, Hamidreza; Hassanian-Moghaddam, Hossein; Hayat, Khezar; Heidari, Mohammad; Heidari-Foroozan, Mahsa; Iravanpour, Farideh; Irilouzadian, Rana; Jahrami, Haitham; Jalilian, Farzad; Jamshidi, Elham; Kalantar, Farnaz; Khateri, Sorour; Kolahi, Ali-Asghar; Koohestani, Hamid Reza; Kuddus, Mohammed; Amin, Hawraz Ibrahim M.; Mahmoodpoor, Ata; Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain; Mansoori, Yasaman; Mansouri, Borhan; Mayeli, Mahsa; Menezes, Ritesh G.; Meshkat, Mahboobeh; Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi; Mohammad, Yousef; Mohammadi, Esmaeil; Montazeri, Fateme; Moradpour, Farhad; Motaghinejad, Majid; Nargus, Shumaila; Natto, Zuhair S.; Naveed, Muhammad; Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria; Okati-Aliabad, Hassan; Patil, Shankargouda; Perna, Simone; Rafiei, Sima; Rahmanian, Vahid; Rashid, Ahmed Mustafa; Rezaei, Nazila; Rezaeian, Mohsen; Saad, Aly M. A.; Saddik, Basema; Saeed, Umar; Saeedi, Farhad; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Salman, Muhammad; Samy, Abdallah M.; Sarikhani, Yaser; Shafie, Mahan; Shahraki-Sanavi, Fariba; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shayan, Maryam; Shool, Sina; Tabish, Mohammad; Taheri, Majid; Tehrani, Hadi; Tiyuri, Amir; Toghroli, Razie; Ullah, Sana; Tahbaz, Sahel Valadan; Valizadeh, Rohollah; Waheed, Yasir; Zaidi, Syed Saoud; Zamanian, Maryam; Zare, Iman; Zoladl, Mohammad; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Murray, Christopher J. L.; Naghavi, Mohsen; Mokdad, Ali H.; ,

doi:10.1007/s00127-023-02587-w

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“…Moreover, these regions are characterized by a high prevalence of drug dependence, especially opioids, compared to other regions. This suggests the presence of an ethnic disparity linked to the pharmacogenetic component in these populations ( Amirkafi et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacogenetic landscape of pain management variants among Mediterranean populations

Jmel,

Boukhalfa,

Gouiza

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background:Chronic pain is a major socioeconomic burden in the Mediterranean region. However, we noticed an under-representation of these populations in the pharmacogenetics of pain management studies. In this context, we aimed 1) to decipher the pharmacogenetic variant landscape among Mediterranean populations compared to worldwide populations in order to identify therapeutic biomarkers for personalized pain management and 2) to better understand the biological process of pain management through in silico investigation of pharmacogenes pathways.Materials and Methods:We collected genes and variants implicated in pain response using the Prisma guidelines from literature and PharmGK database. Next, we extracted these genes from genotyping data of 829 individuals. Then, we determined the variant distribution among the studied populations using multivariate (MDS) and admixture analysis with R and STRUCTURE software. We conducted a Chi2 test to compare the interethnic frequencies of the identified variants. We used SNPinfo web server, miRdSNP database to identify miRNA-binding sites. In addition, we investigated the functions of the identified genes and variants using pathway enrichment analysis and annotation tools. Finally, we performed docking analysis to assess the impact of variations on drug interactions.Results:We identified 63 variants implicated in pain management. MDS analysis revealed that Mediterranean populations are genetically similar to Mexican populations and divergent from other populations. STRUCTURE analysis showed that Mediterranean populations are mainly composed of European ancestry. We highlighted differences in the minor allele frequencies of three variants (rs633, rs4680, and rs165728) located in the COMT gene. Moreover, variant annotation revealed ten variants with potential miRNA-binding sites. Finally, protein structure and docking analysis revealed that two missense variants (rs4680 and rs6267) induced a decrease in COMT protein activity and affinity for dopamine.Conclusion:Our findings revealed that Mediterranean populations diverge from other ethnic groups. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of pain-related pathways and miRNAs to better implement these markers as predictors of analgesic responses in the Mediterranean region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%