Drug susceptibility profile of Candida glabrata clinical isolates from Iran and genetic resistant mechanisms to caspofungin

Amanloo, Saeid; Shams-Ghahfarokhi, Masoomeh; Ghahri, Mohammad; Razzaghi-Abyaneh, Mehdi

doi:10.1016/j.riam.2018.01.002

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…albicans had cross-resistant profile to azoles. [ 38 ]Also, the resistant rate among C.glabrata was low in agreement with previous reports from Iran [ 60 , 61 ]. Of note, itraconazole resistance among Candida species has been reported in previous studies[ 62 – 65 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessment of Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Candida spp. Co-infections: Species Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Isolates

et al. 2022

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Introduction Fungal co-infections are considered an important complication in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 that can be attributed to disease aggravation, increased mortality, and poor outcomes. This study was conducted to determine the species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida isolates from hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Shiraz, Iran, in addition to associated risk factors and outcomes of co-infections with Candida species. Materials and Methods In this single-center study, a total of 106 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were evaluated for clinical characteristics and outcomes. Species identification was performed by ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 gene sequencing. Antifungal susceptibility testing to fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B, and nystatin was determined according to the M27-A3/S4 CLSI protocol. Results Candida species were recovered from 48% (51/106) of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Statistical analysis showed that patients who had heart failure, bacterial co-infection, and were receiving empirical antifungal therapy had a higher risk of developing Candida co-infection. In total, 71 Candida isolates were recovered, of which C. albicans (69%) was the most prevalent isolate. The majority of the Candida isolates were susceptible to all classes of tested antifungal drugs. Discussion Our results elucidate a high rate of Candida co-infections among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Comorbidities such as heart failure, HTN, COPD, bacterial infections as well as therapeutic interventions including catheterization, mechanical ventilation, and ICU admission increased the risk of Candida spp. isolation from the bloodstream, respiratory tract and urine samples, which led to a higher in-hospital mortality rate. Additionally, obtained data clarified that empirical antifungal therapy was not as successful as anticipated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessment of Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Candida spp. Co-infections: Species Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Isolates

et al. 2022

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“…In Ibero-America, C. glabrata is more resistant to fluconazole and other azoles (itraconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole) than to echinocandins (micafungin, caspofungin, and anidulafungin). The high resistance rate (4-100%) to azoles, particularly fluconazole, and the low resistance rate (1-10%) to echinocandins is consistent with the results in other regions [47]. For example, in various countries in the Asia-Pacific region, C. glabrata has been reported to have a 5.2% resistance rate to fluconazole and a low rate (1.7%) of resistance to echinocandins [4].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Antifungal Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Candida glabrata in Ibero-America

Martínez‐Herrera

Frías-De-León

Hernández‐Castro

et al. 2021

JoF

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In different regions worldwide, there exists an intra-and inter-regional variability in the rates of resistance to antifungal agents in Candida glabrata, highlighting the importance of understanding the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility profiles of C. glabrata in each region. However, in some regions, such as Ibero-America, limited data are available in this context. Therefore, in the present study, a systematic review was conducted to determine the antifungal resistance in C. glabrata in Ibero-America over the last five years. A literature search for articles published between January 2015 and December 2020 was conducted without language restrictions, using the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and LILACS databases. The search terms that were used were “Candida glabrata” AND “antifungal resistance” AND “Country”, and 22 publications were retrieved from different countries. The use of azoles (fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, isavuconazole, ketoconazole, and miconazole) varied between 4.0% and 100%, and that of echinocandins (micafungin, caspofungin, and anidulafungin) between 1.1% and 10.0%. The limited information on this subject in the region of Ibero-America emphasizes the need to identify the pathogens at the species level and perform antifungal susceptibility tests that may lead to the appropriate use of these drugs and the optimal doses in order to avoid the development of antifungal resistance or multi-resistance.

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“…The results revealed that caspofungin produced the maximum activity against all tested Candida albicans. Similar results were reported by Amanloo et al, (2018) who reported who stated that all isolates were susceptible to caspofungin. Therefore, caspofungin is recommended with confidence in the treatment of infections occurring with Candida albicans.…”

Section: The Effect Of Farnesol On Gene Expression In C Albicans Isol...supporting

confidence: 90%

Impact of Quorum Sensing Molecules at Supra-physiological Concentrations on Virulence Factors of Multiple Drug Resistant Candida Clinical Isolates

El-Banna¹,

Sonbol²,

Al-Kharsawy³

et al. 2022

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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Candida albicans a polymorphic fungus which have the ability to develop as yeast, pseudohyphae and/or true hyphae forms. Candida isolates (n=34) were collected from different clinical specimens and identification to the species level was performed. Isolates were subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing against (nystatin, amphotericinB, Itraconazole, fluconazole, terbinafine, and caspofungin) and determination of their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were carried out according to the European Committee of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST, 2015) strategies. Virulence factors including secreted hydrolases (phospholipase and aspartyl protease) and biofilm production were evaluated. The hyphal form of Candida is themain role in infection process during its invasion to mucosal membrane. A group of genes participate in monitoring of hyphae formation in C. albicans, includingsap5 and hwp1.Farnesol compound is a quorum sensing molecule which prevents converting of yeast-to-hyphae form. The aim of our study was to determine farnesol effect in yeast-to-hyphae shift, and its related gene expressions in C. albicans using qRT-PCR. Real time-PCR analysis revealed that 1/2 MIC of farnesol has significantly decreased the expressionofsap5and hwp1genes in comparison to control group (p<0.05).

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Drug susceptibility profile of Candida glabrata clinical isolates from Iran and genetic resistant mechanisms to caspofungin

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Assessment of Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Candida spp. Co-infections: Species Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Isolates

Assessment of Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Candida spp. Co-infections: Species Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Isolates

Antifungal Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Candida glabrata in Ibero-America

Impact of Quorum Sensing Molecules at Supra-physiological Concentrations on Virulence Factors of Multiple Drug Resistant Candida Clinical Isolates

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