Drug Sensitivity of Vibrio cholerae and Shigelle Species in the World.

Abstract

Recently isolated Vibrio cholerae and Shigella pecies from 6 countries were examined for their drug sensitivities. The sensitivities of V. cholerae were characterized by a narrow inhibitory concentration ranges without any resistant strain. However, the sensitivities of Shigella species were variable and mostly resistant to tetracycline and ampicillin. Japanese isolates of Shigella species were relatively more sensitive to tetracycline and ampicillin than the isolates from the other countries. Indonesian isolates of Shigella species were relatively more resistant than those of the other countries, even to the new antimicrobials such as ofloxacin and cefdinir, and a highly resistant strain against ofloxacin was found.

Antibiotic Resistance Conferred by a Class I Integron and SXT Constin in Vibrio cholerae O1 Strains Isolated in Laos

“…In the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Vibrio cholerae isolates are collected at the Center for Laboratory and Epidemiology, and their cholera toxin and hemolysin production are studied, as well as their susceptibility to phages and antimicrobials. In the period between 1993 and 2000, although the pathogens were sensitive to the therapeutic antimicrobials as expected until 1996, a change in the drug sensitivity pattern started in 1998 after a period without cholera (13,17,20). Strains isolated after 1997 were found to be moderately resistant to tetracycline and chloramphenicol and highly resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (20).…”

“…Among a collection of 284 V. cholerae O1 biotype El Tor strains recovered from cholera patients from 1993 to 2000, 50 strains were included in the present study for further analysis. The various phenotypic characteristics of the strains were studied previously (13,17,20,25). Before PCR analysis, antibiotic resistance was confirmed in these isolates by MIC determination, and the results were compared with the initial MIC results (13,17,20).…”

“…The various phenotypic characteristics of the strains were studied previously (13,17,20,25). Before PCR analysis, antibiotic resistance was confirmed in these isolates by MIC determination, and the results were compared with the initial MIC results (13,17,20). V. cholerae O139 strain MO45 (ATCC 51394), isolated in Madras, India, in 1992, and V. cholerae O1 strain CRC182, isolated in India in 2000, were included for comparison purposes.…”

Effect of erythromycin on Shigella infection of Caco-2 cells

“…Erythromycin (EM) is a macrolide antibiotic agent e¡ective against Gram-positive organisms and some Gramnegative bacilli such as Campylobacter. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EM against Shigella is about 50 Wg ml 31 , which is likely to be achieved in the stool but not in the intestinal epithelial cells during the treatment of shigellosis [1]. However, in the early 1960s, EM was as e¡ective as chloramphenicol and tetracycline which were the ¢rst choice antibiotics for shigellosis at that time.…”

Effect of erythromycin onShigellainfection of Caco-2 cells

“…Erythromycin (EM) is a macrolide antibiotic agent effective against Gram‐positive organisms and some Gram‐negative bacilli such as Campylobacter . The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EM against Shigella is about 50 μg ml −1 , which is likely to be achieved in the stool but not in the intestinal epithelial cells during the treatment of shigellosis [1]. However, in the early 1960s, EM was as effective as chloramphenicol and tetracycline which were the first choice antibiotics for shigellosis at that time.…”