Drug safety in Nigeria

Yakubu, Rabiu; Isa, Abubakar; Abubakar, Ibrahim Jatau; Oreagba, Ibrahim Adekunle; Awaisu, Ahmed

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819837-7.00038-8

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…The committee was saddled with the responsibility of advising the government on ways to reduce the increasing burden of drug abuse in the country [ 45 ]. However, the literature suggests that the burden of drug abuse may continue to rise in Nigeria due to the involvement of politics in law enforcement and lack of political goodwill [ 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of Drug Abuse in Nigeria: A Scoping Review of Epidemiological Studies and Drug Laws

Jatau¹,

Sha’aban²,

Gulma

et al. 2021

Public Health Rev

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Background: The burden of drug abuse is becoming a public health concern in Nigeria. Preventive measures should include identifying the root causes of the burden for targeted intervention. We, therefore, aim to conduct a scoping review of the literature to summarize the findings of epidemiological studies on drug abuse and provisions of drug laws in Nigeria. The review also provides appropriate recommendations as interventions for prevention.Methods: We conducted a systematic search of the literature on PubMed to identify information on drug abuse and drug laws in Nigeria from the inception of the database to March 2020. Additional information was retrieved from Google Scholar, a manual search of included articles, discussion with experts on the subject matter, and gray literature. Study selection was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statements. Information from gray literature was assessed for quality and accuracy using the AACODS checklist (authority, accuracy, coverage, objectively, date, significance).Results: The systematic search of the literature generated 253 studies. Nine articles were obtained from other sources. After the selection process, 23 eligible studies were included for review. A prevalence of 20–40% and 20.9% of drug abuse was reported among students and youths, respectively. Commonly abused drugs include cannabis, cocaine, amphetamine, heroin, diazepam, codeine, cough syrup and tramadol. Sources where abusers obtained drugs, were pharmacies/patent medicine shops, open drug markets, drug hawkers, fellow drug abusers, friends, and drug pushers. Drug abuse was common among undergraduates and secondary school students, youths, commercial bus drivers, farmers, and sex workers. Reason for use included to increase physical performance, stress and to derive pleasure. Poor socioeconomic factors and low educational background were the common risk factors associated with drug abuse. We identified several drug laws and policies that were established under government agencies such as the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA), National Agency for Foods and Drugs Administration and Control (NAFDAC), Pharmacists Council of Nigeria (PCN) and a Presidential Advisory Committee.Conclusion: Findings from epidemiological studies on drug abuse in Nigeria has demonstrated that the burden of drug abuse is still high despite the existing drug laws, policies, and strategies for prevention. Measures to reduce the burden should involve the community, government, and religious bodies. Preventive measures should target the youths, the students, identified sources of the drugs, reasons and risk factors associated with drug abuse in Nigeria.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of Drug Abuse in Nigeria: A Scoping Review of Epidemiological Studies and Drug Laws

Jatau¹,

Sha’aban²,

Gulma

et al. 2021

Public Health Rev

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“…Inadequate access to essential medicines further exacerbates health disparities and undermines efforts to combat diseases effectively. Moreover, weak regulatory oversight and enforcement mechanisms erode public trust in the healthcare system, leading to diminished confidence in pharmaceutical products and healthcare services overall (Taylor, et al, 2001;Yakubu, et al, 2020). Various contributing factors and root causes underlie the regulatory challenges in medication quality control in Nigeria.…”

Section: Analysis Of Regulatory Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Medication Quality Control in Nigeria: A Comprehensive Analysis of Regulatory Challenges and Solutions

Michael Alurame Eruaga,

Esther Oleiye Itua,

James Tabat Bature

2024

imsrj

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Medication quality control in Nigeria faces multifaceted challenges rooted in regulatory inefficiencies, infrastructural limitations, and systemic inadequacies. This study undertakes a comprehensive analysis of these challenges while proposing pragmatic solutions to bolster the quality control framework in the Nigerian pharmaceutical sector. Drawing upon extensive literature review and expert insights, the research identifies key regulatory challenges impeding effective medication quality control in Nigeria. These challenges encompass inadequate regulatory capacity, inconsistent enforcement mechanisms, rampant substandard and counterfeit medications, and limited access to essential medicines. Additionally, infrastructural deficiencies such as inadequate laboratory facilities and insufficient human resources further exacerbate the problem, leading to compromised patient safety and public health risks. In response to these challenges, the study proposes a multifaceted approach to enhance medication quality control in Nigeria. This includes strengthening regulatory frameworks through legislative reforms aimed at bolstering enforcement capabilities and harmonizing standards with international best practices. Moreover, improving regulatory capacity through training programs and investment in state-of-the-art laboratory infrastructure is essential to enhance surveillance and detection of substandard medications. Furthermore, fostering collaboration between regulatory agencies, healthcare providers, and pharmaceutical manufacturers is imperative to streamline supply chains and ensure the integrity of medications from production to distribution. Additionally, public awareness campaigns and community engagement initiatives play a pivotal role in empowering consumers to make informed decisions and report instances of substandard medications. By addressing these regulatory challenges and implementing comprehensive solutions, Nigeria can significantly enhance medication quality control, safeguard patient health, and foster a conducive environment for pharmaceutical innovation and growth. Keywords: Medical, Medication, Drugs, Quality Control, Nigeria, Regulations, Review.

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“…Inadequate pharmacy practice standards in Nigeria have significant economic and social ramifications, affecting healthcare expenditures, productivity, and societal well-being. Medication shortages, counterfeit drugs, and medication-related problems contribute to increased healthcare costs, as patients may incur expenses associated with ineffective treatments, hospitalizations, and complications (Isa,, et al, 2020). Moreover, suboptimal pharmacy practice standards undermine public trust in the healthcare system and erode confidence in pharmaceutical interventions, leading to decreased adherence to medications and healthcare recommendations.…”

Section: Impact Of Challenges On Healthcare Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacy Practice Standards and Challenges in Nigeria: A Comprehensive Analysis

Esther Oleiye Itua,

James Tabat Bature,

Michael Alurame Eruaga

2024

imsrj

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Pharmacy practice standards and challenges in Nigeria constitute a critical area of concern due to their profound impact on healthcare delivery and patient outcomes. This comprehensive analysis delves into the multifaceted landscape of pharmacy practice in Nigeria, highlighting prevailing standards and the array of challenges faced by pharmacists in their professional endeavors. Nigeria, like many other developing countries, grapples with a complex healthcare system marked by resource constraints, regulatory ambiguities, and evolving patient needs. Within this context, pharmacists play a pivotal role as frontline healthcare providers, responsible for ensuring safe and effective medication use. However, the absence of robust regulatory frameworks and standardized practices poses significant hurdles to the delivery of quality pharmaceutical care. This analysis examines the existing pharmacy practice standards in Nigeria, emphasizing the role of regulatory bodies such as the Pharmacists Council of Nigeria (PCN) in setting guidelines and enforcing compliance. It also scrutinizes the challenges encountered by pharmacists, including inadequate infrastructure, limited access to essential medicines, counterfeit drugs, and insufficient professional development opportunities. Furthermore, the analysis explores the impact of socio-economic factors, cultural beliefs, and healthcare disparities on pharmacy practice in Nigeria. It underscores the need for collaborative efforts among stakeholders, including government agencies, healthcare institutions, pharmaceutical industry players, and professional associations, to address these challenges comprehensively. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of enhancing pharmacy practice standards in Nigeria to promote patient safety, optimize medication therapy outcomes, and advance public health objectives. By addressing the identified challenges and fostering a supportive environment for pharmacists, Nigeria can harness the full potential of its pharmacy workforce to meet the healthcare needs of its population effectively. Keywords: Pharmacy, Standards, Nigeria, Practices, Review.

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Drug safety in Nigeria

Cited by 5 publications

References 86 publications

The Burden of Drug Abuse in Nigeria: A Scoping Review of Epidemiological Studies and Drug Laws

The Burden of Drug Abuse in Nigeria: A Scoping Review of Epidemiological Studies and Drug Laws

Enhancing Medication Quality Control in Nigeria: A Comprehensive Analysis of Regulatory Challenges and Solutions

Pharmacy Practice Standards and Challenges in Nigeria: A Comprehensive Analysis

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