Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in High-Risk Groups, Zimbabwe

Abstract

To estimate prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) in Harare, Zimbabwe, in 2012, we performed microbiologic testing on acid-fast bacilli smear-positive sputum samples from patients previously treated for TB. Twenty (24%) of 84 specimens were consistent with MDR TB. A national drug-resistance survey is needed to determine MDR TB prevalence in Zimbabwe.

Sputum bacterial load predicts multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in retreatment patients: a case-control study

“…An association between higher smear microscopy grade 125 and rifampin-resistant TB was also observed; this finding is important since rifampin-resistance is frequently 126 used as a surrogate for rapid diagnosis of multidrug-resistant TB. 25 These results are consistent with previous 127 reports of an association between MDR-TB and smear-positivity as compared to smear-negativity at baseline 128 diagnosis 26,27 and a report of higher numbers of MDR-TB patients among patients with higher microscopy 129 smear grades; 28 these results are also consistent with previous reports of an association between cavitary disease This work was motivated by predictions that higher patient bacterial load is associated with multidrug 132 resistance 9,10 and evidence that higher patient bacterial load corresponds to higher sputum bacterial load. 13,14 133 However, the relationship between patient bacterial load and sputum bacterial load in pulmonary TB is not 134 simple; it depends on several factors, including patient comorbidities and physiology.…”

Xpert<SUP>®</SUP> MTB/RIF detection of rifampin resistance and time to treatment initiation in Harare, Zimbabwe

“…Studies reporting the burden of drug resistant TB and detection of M. tuberculosis in this setting have been previously published. 9-11 Eligible participants had at least one month of prior TB treatment and were symptomatic at time of enrolment with cough (any duration), fever, night sweats, or weight loss. 12 Clinical data including HIV status and CD4+ T-lymphocyte (CD4) counts were collected by participant interview and abstracted during medical record review.…”

Profil clinique, microbiologique et évolutif des patients en situation d’échecs et de rechutes de tuberculose en Côte d’Ivoire

“…Ce constat n'est pas particulier à la Côte d'Ivoire. Des travaux faits dans certains pays ont abouti à la même observation [6][7][8].…”

“…Dans le monde, les prévalences restent très variables chez les patients déjà traités avec les antituberculeux. Onze pour cent au Benin [6], 24 % au Zimbabwe [7], 16,2 2 % en Afrique du Sud [8]. À Taïwan, avec le régime 2HRZE/4HRE, la proportion de TB-MR dans les échecs du traitement a été de 67 % (22/33) [10].…”