Drug-Resistant Breast Cancer: Dwelling the Hippo Pathway to Manage the Treatment

Abstract

Breast cancer can be categorized as a commonly occurring cancer among women with a high mortality rate. Due to the repetitive treatment cycles, it has been noted that the patients develop resistance towards the chemotherapeutic drugs and remain unresponsive towards them. Therefore, many researchers are studying various signaling pathways involved in drug resistance for cancer treatment to overcome the obstacle. Hippo signaling is a widely studied pathway involved in tumor progression and controlling cell proliferation. Hence, understanding the aspects of the gene involved Hippo pathway would provide an insight into the mechanism behind the resistance and result in the development of new treatments. Here, we review the Hippo signaling pathway in humans and how the expression of different components leads to the regulation of resistance against some of the common chemo-drugs used in breast cancer treatment. The article will also discuss the chemotherapeutics that became ineffective due to the resistance and the mechanism following the process.

Expression of yes‑associated protein, β‑catenin and smoothened, and their clinical significance in invasive breast cancer

“…Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancer worldwide, accounting for 11.7% of all cancer incidence and 6.9% of total mortality in 2020( 1 ). It often develops drug resistance and has high recurrence rates ( 2 ). In addition, the high rates of metastasis during clinical treatment greatly worsens the prognosis of patients ( 3 ).…”

TJP3 promotes T cell immunity escape and chemoresistance in breast cancer: a comprehensive analysis of anoikis-based prognosis prediction and drug sensitivity stratification

“…This implies patients with expression features like ARG-1 subpopulation probably have low response to chemotherapy, such as EPI, DTX, CTX, or PTX, et al Besides, ARGs-based AI model successfully divides breast cancer into subgroups with prognostic differences, which is verified in independent cohorts in GEO data (Figure5F, 5H, 5I). Based on pathway analysis, it shows that Hubgenes close to ARG subtype identification are involved into immunity process, such as interleukin-10 (IL10) and IL17 signaling pathways (Figure4E, 4F), and are also involved into Wnt signaling pathway and Hippo signaling pathway, both of which participate in drug tolerance process in breast cancer[23][24][25][26].…”

Efeitos da associação do sulforafano à terapia convencional no tratamento de câncer de mama triplo-negativo

“…Embora diferentes esforços tenham sido feitos nas últimas décadas objetivando avanços no campo da oncologia, principalmente no que se refere ao tratamento de pacientes com câncer de mama, o desenvolvimento de resistência às terapias convencionais ainda é um fator preocupante no âmbito clínico [82]. Esse cenário é particularmente mais crítico quando se refere àquelas pacientes acometidas por tumores TNBC, visto que nesses casos as terapias convencionais, tais como quimio e radioterapia, são os tratamentos de primeira linha [83], sendo a quimioterapia a única opção terapêutica para pacientes com tumores TNBC avançados [84].…”