Drug Resistance Patterns of Salmonellae Enterica Serotype Typhi and Paratyphi at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Sindh, Pakistan

Abstract

The present study was conducted to evaluate drug resistance patterns of salmonella enterica serotype typhi and paratyphi in enteric fever.This study is an observational study.The place of this study is the Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital and the duration from June 2012 to March 2013.A sample of sixty seven patients was selected according to clinical and laboratory criteria. Venous blood samples of 5-10 ml were collected from antecubital veins and inoculated on blood culture bottles. Subcultures were also performed. Drug sensitivity patterns of salmonellae were tested according to standard method. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 21.0. using appropriate statistical testing.Of sixty seven, 41(61.1%) were male and 26 (38.8%) female. The male to female ratio was 1.57:1. The mean age of subjects was 43±7.5 years. Salmonella enterica serotype typhi was isolated from 60 (89.5%), salmonellae enterica serotype typhi and salmonellae enterica serotype paratyphi A and B were found in 3 (4.4%) and 4 (5.9%) respectively. The Widal test yielded antibody O titers of ≥1:160 and <1:160 in 57 (85%) and 10 (14.9%) respectively. The typhidot test was positive in 65 (97.5%) of patients. The multidrug resistance to first line drugs was observed in 53 (79.1%). Least drug resistance was found for cefixime 2 (2.7%) and highest for the chloramphenicol 56 (83.6%).The present study observed drug resistant and multi-drug resistant S,. enterica serotype typhi and S,. enterica serotype paratyphi A and B.