Drug resistance among new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Thailand

Kateruttanakul, Pairaj; Unsematham, Somkid

doi:10.5588/ijtld.12.0847

Cited by 3 publications

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“…In this study, the prevalence of Hr-TB was 7.2% which was nearly similar to the results reported in a previous study from Thailand [4]. In particular, many previous studies did not use clinical specimens from the patients to perform the assay.…”

Section: Mdr Tb (Inh-r+rif-r)supporting

confidence: 89%

“…36 samples that were Hr-TB were used. Based on the historical data from Rajavithi Hospital, the prevalence of new Hr-TB was 11.85% [4]. With this information, we would need 305 samples for this study.…”

Section: Sample Size Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of this, there is an increase in number of patients with RIF-resistant TB and multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) due to inadequate and improper treatment of the disease [3]. A previous study conducted in Thailand showed that the prevalence of new cases of Hr-TB and MDR-TB were 11.8% and 2.5%, respectively [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Anyplex™ II MTB/MDR kit’s performance to rapidly detect isoniazid and rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from various clinical specimens

et al. 2020

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To determine the accuracy of multiplex real-time PCR (Anyplex™ II MTB/MDR kit) in detecting Isoniazid (INH)-and Rifampin (RIF)-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from various clinical specimens. The performance of Anyplex™ II MTB/MDR kit in detecting INH-and RIF-resistant M. tuberculosis compared to the conventional drug susceptibility tests by Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT). A total of 430 clinical samples had positive results for M. tuberculosis from both Anyplex™ II MTB/MDR kit assay and mycobacterial cultures by MGIT method. When compared to MGITs, the sensitivity and specificity of Anyplex™ II MTB/MDR kit in detecting INH-resistant TB were 85.71% and 99.75%, respectively. For the detection of MDR-TB, the sensitivity and specificity of the test were 82.35% and 99.76%, respectively. The positive predictive values and negative predictive values to detect INH-resistant TB were 96.77% and 98.75%, respectively. Anyplex™ II MTB/MDR kit can be used to rapidly detect isoniazid and rifampicin resistances. It has a high sensitivity, specificity and PPV in detecting INH-resistant TB and MDR-TB. This test can be used as an alternative test to Xpert MTB/ RIF because it can rapidly detect both INH-resistant TB and RIF-resistant TB.

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Section: Mdr Tb (Inh-r+rif-r)supporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Sample Size Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Anyplex™ II MTB/MDR kit’s performance to rapidly detect isoniazid and rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from various clinical specimens

et al. 2020

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The Cavity as a Lasting Abode for Tuberculous Bacilli

Jawad

Jafri

Saifullah

et al. 2022

SN Compr. Clin. Med.

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The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with persistent sputum positivity at the end of 2 months of treatment in patients presenting with (drug-susceptible) pulmonary tuberculosis at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Chest Medicine (Ward 12), Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi, over 6 months. A sample of 73 consenting, newly diagnosed, smear-positive drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis patients was studied. Demographic (age, gender, height, weight and duration of tuberculosis, BMI, socioeconomic, occupational, marital, educational and residential statuses) and clinical factors (chest X-ray extent and cavities, initial smear results, diabetic and smoking statuses) which may be associated with sputum non-conversion were entered in a proforma. Patients were followed up at 2 months of treatment with a sputum smear. Data analysis was done on SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences-version 20.0). Rate of sputum positivity after 2 months of anti-tubercular drug treatment was 17.8%. None of the above-mentioned demographic and clinical factors was associated with persistence of sputum positivity except for the presence of CXR cavities, which made it 5.5 times more likely that the patient would remain smear-positive at 2 months ( p = 0.035). The finding of chest radiograph cavities makes it highly likely that a pulmonary tuberculosis patient may remain infectious or have an unfavorable outcome despite taking treatment for 2 months. Clinicians and national policy-makers should thus bear in mind the implications this can have with regard to disease control and therefore pay particular attention to such patients in terms of stringent monitoring and directly observed treatment short-course (DOTS) provision. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42399-021-01098-6.

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Differential yield of universal versus selective drug susceptibility testing of patients with tuberculosis in high-burden countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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IntroductionAlthough universal drug susceptibility testing (DST) is a component of the End-TB Strategy, over 70% of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) cases globally remain undetected. This detection gap reflects difficulties in DST scale-up and substantial heterogeneity in policies and implemented practices. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether implementation of universal DST yields increased DR-TB detection compared with only selectively testing high-risk groups.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Global Health, Cochrane Library and Web of Science Core Collection were searched for publications reporting on the differential yield of universal versus selective DST implementation on the proportion of DR-TB, from January 2007 to June 2019. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate respective pooled proportions of DR-TB cases detected; Higgins test and prediction intervals were used to assess between-study heterogeneity. We adapted an existing risk-of-bias assessment tool for prevalence studies.ResultsOf 18 736 unique citations, 101 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. All studies used WHO-endorsed DST methods, and most (87.1%) involved both high-risk groups and the general population. We found only cross-sectional, observational, non-randomised studies that compared universal with selective DST strategies. Only four studies directly compared the testing approaches in the same study population, with the proportion of DR-TB cases detected ranging from 2.2% (95% CI: 1.4% to 3.2%) to 12.8% (95% CI: 11.4% to 14.3%) with selective testing, versus 4.4% (95% CI: 3.3% to 5.8%) to 9.8% (95% CI: 8.9% to 10.7%) with universal testing. Broad population studies were very heterogeneous. The vast majority (88/101; 87.1%) reported on the results of universal testing. However, while 37 (36.6%)/101 included all presumptive TB cases, an equal number of studies applied sputum-smear as a preselection criterion. A meaningful meta-analysis was not possible.ConclusionGiven the absence of randomised studies and the paucity of studies comparing strategies head to head, and selection bias in many studies that applied universal testing, our findings have limited generalisability. The lack of evidence reinforces the need for better data to inform policies.

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Drug resistance among new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Thailand

Abstract: Groups of patients to be prioritised for DST other than those with HIV infection could not be identified.

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Anyplex™ II MTB/MDR kit’s performance to rapidly detect isoniazid and rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from various clinical specimens

Evaluation of Anyplex™ II MTB/MDR kit’s performance to rapidly detect isoniazid and rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from various clinical specimens

The Cavity as a Lasting Abode for Tuberculous Bacilli

Differential yield of universal versus selective drug susceptibility testing of patients with tuberculosis in high-burden countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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