Drug repurposing against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A review

Luo, Lianxiang; Qiu, Qingtao; Huang, Fangfang; Liu, Kaifeng; Lan, Yongqi; Li, Xiaoling; Huang, Yuge; Cui, Liao; Luo, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.jpha.2021.09.001

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 107 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several researchers tried to identify the repurposed drugs for COVID-19 through this process. Therefore, computational drug repurposing is a prominent area for the pandemic period of COVID-19 ( Galindez et al, 2021 ; Luo et al, 2021 ; Singh and Villoutreix, 2021 ; Srivastava and Singh, 2021 ).…”

Section: Lessons Learned From Computational Drug Repurposing For Covid-19: Another Effort For Drug Discovery Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Drug Repurposing for COVID-19 Clinical Trials Provide Very Effective Therapeutic Combinations: Lessons Learned From Major Clinical Studies

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SARS-CoV-2 has spread across the globe in no time. In the beginning, people suffered due to the absence of efficacious drugs required to treat severely ill patients. Nevertheless, still, there are no established therapeutic molecules against the SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, repurposing of the drugs started against SARS-CoV-2, due to which several drugs were approved for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. This paper reviewed the treatment regime for COVID-19 through drug repurposing from December 8, 2019 (the day when WHO recognized COVID-19 as a pandemic) until today. We have reviewed all the clinical trials from RECOVERY trials, ACTT-1 and ACTT-2 study group, and other major clinical trial platforms published in highly reputed journals such as NEJM, Lancet, etc. In addition to single-molecule therapy, several combination therapies were also evaluated to understand the treatment of COVID-19 from these significant clinical trials. To date, several lessons have been learned on the therapeutic outcomes for COVID-19. The paper also outlines the experiences gained during the repurposing of therapeutic molecules (hydroxychloroquine, ritonavir/ lopinavir, favipiravir, remdesivir, ivermectin, dexamethasone, camostatmesylate, and heparin), immunotherapeutic molecules (tocilizumab, mavrilimumab, baricitinib, and interferons), combination therapy, and convalescent plasma therapy to treat COVID-19 patients. We summarized that anti-viral therapeutic (remdesivir) and immunotherapeutic (tocilizumab, dexamethasone, and baricitinib) therapy showed some beneficial outcomes. Until March 2021, 4952 clinical trials have been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov toward the drug and vaccine development for COVID-19. More than 100 countries have participated in contributing to these clinical trials. Other than the registered clinical trials (medium to large-size), several small-size clinical trials have also been conducted from time to time to evaluate the treatment of COVID-19. Four molecules showed beneficial therapeutic to treat COVID-19 patients. The short-term repurposing of the existing drug may provide a successful outcome for COVID-19 patients. Therefore, more clinical trials can be initiated using potential anti-viral molecules by evaluating in different phases of clinical trials.

show abstract

Section: Lessons Learned From Computational Drug Repurposing For Covid-19: Another Effort For Drug Discovery Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Drug Repurposing for COVID-19 Clinical Trials Provide Very Effective Therapeutic Combinations: Lessons Learned From Major Clinical Studies

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Conventional drug discovery was based on the hit and trial approach, which gives extremely low throughout. Repurposing existing drugs is one such strategy to overcome the setback (Luo et al 2021 ). Despite promising therapeutic benefits by drugs including Remdesivir, Chloroquine, and Lopinavir, increased cases with serious side effects are being reported.…”

Section: Covid-19 Therapeutic Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With no specific antiviral treatment available and less efficient conventional drug discovery approach, repurposing the existing drugs might be a better choice to tackle the ongoing pandemic (Luo et al 2021 ). Uncontrolled pandemic scenario demands coherent drug discovery efforts and approaches, so the regulatory bodies like US-FDA reassess the therapeutic benefit of existing drugs, including Remdesivir, a broad-spectrum antiviral drug acting on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.…”

Section: Covid-19 Therapeutic Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current clinical status of new COVID-19 vaccines and immunotherapy

Nagpal

Kaushik

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a positive-strand RNA belonging to Coronaviridae family, along with MERS and SARS . Since its first report in 2019 in Wuhan, China, it has affected over 530 million people and led to 6.3 million deaths worldwide until June 2022. Despite eleven vaccines being used worldwide already, new variants are of concern. Therefore, the governing bodies are re-evaluating the strategies for achieving universal vaccination. Initially, the WHO expected that vaccines showing around 50–80% efficacy would develop in 1–2 years. However, US-FDA announced emergency approval of the two m-RNA vaccines within 11 months of vaccine development, which enabled early vaccination for healthcare workers in many countries. Later, in January 2021, 63 vaccine candidates were under human clinical trials and 172 under preclinical development. Currently, the number of such clinical studies is still increasing. In this review, we have summarized the updates on the clinical status of the COVID-19 and the available treatments. Additionally, COVID-19 had created negative impacts on world’s economy; affected agriculture, industries, and tourism service sectors; and majorly affected low-income countries. The review discusses the clinical outcomes, latest statistics, socio-economic impacts of pandemic and treatment approaches against SARS-CoV-2, and strategies against the new variant of concern. The review will help understand the current status of vaccines and other therapies while also providing insights about upcoming vaccines and therapies for COVID-19 management. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-022-22661-1.

show abstract

“…Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is attracting increasing attention globally due to its role in preventing and treating disease. With the ongoing investigations of the active ingredients and mechanisms of action, a growing number of TCM prescriptions are showing good therapeutic effects against many diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), diabetes, and COVID-19 [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. In clinical practice, multiple TCM decoction slices are used to form the compound formulae needed to conform to the compatibility principles, aiming to improve the curative effects or reduce the toxic side effects [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of Wenxin Granule via Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Ion Mobility Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and Triple Quadrupole–Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2022

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wenxin granule (WXG) is a popular traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation for the treatment of arrhythmia disease. Potent analytical technologies are needed to elucidate its chemical composition and assess the quality differences among multibatch samples. In this work, both a multicomponent characterization and quantitative assay of WXG were conducted using two liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) approaches. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/IM-QTOF-MS) approach combined with intelligent peak annotation workflows was developed to characterize the multicomponents of WXG. A hybrid scan approach enabling alternative data-independent and data-dependent acquisitions was established. We characterized 205 components, including 92 ginsenosides, 53 steroidal saponins, 14 alkaloids, and 46 others. Moreover, an optimized scheduled multiple reaction monitoring (sMRM) method was elaborated, targeting 24 compounds of WXG via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QTrap-MS), which was validated based on its selectivity, precision, stability, repeatability, linearity, sensitivity, recovery, and matrix effect. By applying this method to 27 batches of WXG samples, the content variations of multiple markers from Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma (21) and Codonopsis Radix (3) were depicted. Conclusively, we achieved the comprehensive multicomponent characterization and holistic quality assessment of WXG by targeting the non-volatile components.

show abstract

Drug repurposing against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A review

Cited by 14 publications

References 107 publications

The Drug Repurposing for COVID-19 Clinical Trials Provide Very Effective Therapeutic Combinations: Lessons Learned From Major Clinical Studies

The Drug Repurposing for COVID-19 Clinical Trials Provide Very Effective Therapeutic Combinations: Lessons Learned From Major Clinical Studies

Current clinical status of new COVID-19 vaccines and immunotherapy

Systematic Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of Wenxin Granule via Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Ion Mobility Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and Triple Quadrupole–Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About