Drug Metabolism: Other Phase I Enzymes

A multi-channel microfluidic platform based on human flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 for personalised medicine

“…It involves complex biotransformation processes where lipophilic molecules are converted to more water-soluble metabolites by various drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) present in the human liver, such as cytochromes P450 (CYPs) and avin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs). 2,3 DMEs can generate pharmacologically active metabolites which might cause toxicity. Consequently, studies on drug metabolism are key processes to minimize potential safety liabilities.…”

“…[15][16][17] In this work, a new m-IMER was designed to assess whether new drug-like molecules are converted by avin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3), a human liver enzyme that has a prominent role in the metabolism of drugs. 2,18 Human FMOs are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)dependent enzymes that use molecular oxygen to catalyse the oxygenation of a large number of structurally different xenobiotics, including many pharmaceuticals. 19,20 Human FMOs are the second most important class of monooxygenases and, unlike cytochromes P450, produce few toxic metabolites; for this reason, it is considered advantageous to design drugs that are metabolised by this family of enzymes.…”