Drug induced mitochondria dysfunction to enhance photodynamic therapy of hypoxic tumors

Integrin αvβ3-targeted self-assembled polypeptide nanomicelles for efficacious sonodynamic therapy against breast cancer

“…5I showed that the main blood indexes of nude mouse post-treatment were within the normal range, which demonstrated an acceptable biocompatibility and biosafety of REPNs. 45,46 These results further validated that REPNs had significant tumor inhibition under the ultrasound irradiation without obvious side effects.…”

Molecular Nanoarchitectonics of Natural Photosensitizers and Their Derivatives Nanostructures for Improved Photodynamic Therapy

“…Under the light irradiation, Ce6 could generate much more 1 O 2 at tumors and the efficacy of PDT in hypoxia tumors could be greatly enhanced. [85] Ge's group presented ROS-responsive mixed polymeric micelles that contained thioketal-bond-linked block polymers poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-TL-poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PCL-TL-PDMA) and PCL-b-poly(2-guanidinoethyl methacrylate) (PCL-PGEMA) for the co-delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) and Ce6 (Figure 6c). Upon the 660 nm light irradiation, ROS produced by Ce6 could induce the cleavage of PDMA to expose PGEMA for improving cellular internalization of the micelles, which resulted in stronger PDT effect to suppress the tumor growth.…”

Mitochondrial-Targeting Nanotrapper Captured Copper Ions to Alleviate Tumor Hypoxia for Amplified Photoimmunotherapy in Breast Cancer

“…Hypoxia also plays a significant role in promoting tumor cell resistance to various anticancer therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT). − The main principle of PDT relies on the use of photosensitizers to convert O 2 into a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light exposure. ,, Therefore, the effectiveness of PDT highly depends on O 2 . The hypoxic microenvironment significantly restricts the generation of ROS in PDT, consequently weakening the ROS-dependent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and immunogenetic cell death (ICD) effects, thereby impacting the therapeutic efficacy of PDT. − Thus, alleviating tumor hypoxia could augment the efficacy of PDT and amplify PDT-induced ICD effects through improved immunogenicity. − Moreover, tumor hypoxia alleviation could suppress the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α), which is related to the regulatory T cells (Treg)-mediated tumor immune suppression in tumor microenvironment, thus improving the photoimmunotherapy …”